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Edit File : Class.pm \| Size : 5.43 KB
use strict; package Path::Class; { $Path::Class::VERSION = '0.37'; } { ## no critic no strict 'vars'; @ISA = qw(Exporter); @EXPORT = qw(file dir); @EXPORT_OK = qw(file dir foreign_file foreign_dir tempdir); } use Exporter; use Path::Class::File; use Path::Class::Dir; use File::Temp (); sub file { Path::Class::File->new(@_) } sub dir { Path::Class::Dir ->new(@_) } sub foreign_file { Path::Class::File->new_foreign(@_) } sub foreign_dir { Path::Class::Dir ->new_foreign(@_) } sub tempdir { Path::Class::Dir->new(File::Temp::tempdir(@_)) } 1; __END__ =head1 NAME Path::Class - Cross-platform path specification manipulation =head1 VERSION version 0.37 =head1 SYNOPSIS use Path::Class; my $dir = dir('foo', 'bar'); # Path::Class::Dir object my $file = file('bob', 'file.txt'); # Path::Class::File object # Stringifies to 'foo/bar' on Unix, 'foo\bar' on Windows, etc. print "dir: $dir\n"; # Stringifies to 'bob/file.txt' on Unix, 'bob\file.txt' on Windows print "file: $file\n"; my $subdir = $dir->subdir('baz'); # foo/bar/baz my $parent = $subdir->parent; # foo/bar my $parent2 = $parent->parent; # foo my $dir2 = $file->dir; # bob # Work with foreign paths use Path::Class qw(foreign_file foreign_dir); my $file = foreign_file('Mac', ':foo:file.txt'); print $file->dir; # :foo: print $file->as_foreign('Win32'); # foo\file.txt # Interact with the underlying filesystem: # $dir_handle is an IO::Dir object my $dir_handle = $dir->open or die "Can't read $dir: $!"; # $file_handle is an IO::File object my $file_handle = $file->open($mode) or die "Can't read $file: $!"; =head1 DESCRIPTION C<Path::Class> is a module for manipulation of file and directory specifications (strings describing their locations, like C<'/home/ken/foo.txt'> or C<'C:\Windows\Foo.txt'>) in a cross-platform manner. It supports pretty much every platform Perl runs on, including Unix, Windows, Mac, VMS, Epoc, Cygwin, OS/2, and NetWare. The well-known module L<File::Spec> also provides this service, but it's sort of awkward to use well, so people sometimes avoid it, or use it in a way that won't actually work properly on platforms significantly different than the ones they've tested their code on. In fact, C<Path::Class> uses C<File::Spec> internally, wrapping all the unsightly details so you can concentrate on your application code. Whereas C<File::Spec> provides functions for some common path manipulations, C<Path::Class> provides an object-oriented model of the world of path specifications and their underlying semantics. C<File::Spec> doesn't create any objects, and its classes represent the different ways in which paths must be manipulated on various platforms (not a very intuitive concept). C<Path::Class> creates objects representing files and directories, and provides methods that relate them to each other. For instance, the following C<File::Spec> code: my $absolute = File::Spec->file_name_is_absolute( File::Spec->catfile( @dirs, $file ) ); can be written using C<Path::Class> as my $absolute = Path::Class::File->new( @dirs, $file )->is_absolute; or even as my $absolute = file( @dirs, $file )->is_absolute; Similar readability improvements should happen all over the place when using C<Path::Class>. Using C<Path::Class> can help solve real problems in your code too - for instance, how many people actually take the "volume" (like C<C:> on Windows) into account when writing C<File::Spec>-using code? I thought not. But if you use C<Path::Class>, your file and directory objects will know what volumes they refer to and do the right thing. The guts of the C<Path::Class> code live in the L<Path::Class::File> and L<Path::Class::Dir> modules, so please see those modules' documentation for more details about how to use them. =head2 EXPORT The following functions are exported by default. =over 4 =item file A synonym for C<< Path::Class::File->new >>. =item dir A synonym for C<< Path::Class::Dir->new >>. =back If you would like to prevent their export, you may explicitly pass an empty list to perl's C<use>, i.e. C<use Path::Class ()>. The following are exported only on demand. =over 4 =item foreign_file A synonym for C<< Path::Class::File->new_foreign >>. =item foreign_dir A synonym for C<< Path::Class::Dir->new_foreign >>. =item tempdir Create a new Path::Class::Dir instance pointed to temporary directory. my $temp = Path::Class::tempdir(CLEANUP => 1); A synonym for C<< Path::Class::Dir->new(File::Temp::tempdir(@_)) >>. =back =head1 Notes on Cross-Platform Compatibility Although it is much easier to write cross-platform-friendly code with this module than with C<File::Spec>, there are still some issues to be aware of. =over 4 =item * On some platforms, notably VMS and some older versions of DOS (I think), all filenames must have an extension. Thus if you create a file called F<foo/bar> and then ask for a list of files in the directory F<foo>, you may find a file called F<bar.> instead of the F<bar> you were expecting. Thus it might be a good idea to use an extension in the first place. =back =head1 AUTHOR Ken Williams, KWILLIAMS@cpan.org =head1 COPYRIGHT Copyright (c) Ken Williams. All rights reserved. This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. =head1 SEE ALSO L<Path::Class::Dir>, L<Path::Class::File>, L<File::Spec> =cut Back

Edit File : Class.pm | Size : 5.43 KB

use strict;

package Path::Class;
{
  $Path::Class::VERSION = '0.37';
}

{
  ## no critic
  no strict 'vars';
  @ISA = qw(Exporter);
  @EXPORT    = qw(file dir);
  @EXPORT_OK = qw(file dir foreign_file foreign_dir tempdir);
}

use Exporter;
use Path::Class::File;
use Path::Class::Dir;
use File::Temp ();

sub file { Path::Class::File->new(@_) }
sub dir  { Path::Class::Dir ->new(@_) }
sub foreign_file { Path::Class::File->new_foreign(@_) }
sub foreign_dir  { Path::Class::Dir ->new_foreign(@_) }
sub tempdir { Path::Class::Dir->new(File::Temp::tempdir(@_)) }

1;
__END__

=head1 NAME

Path::Class - Cross-platform path specification manipulation

=head1 VERSION

version 0.37

=head1 SYNOPSIS

use Path::Class;
  
  my $dir  = dir('foo', 'bar');       # Path::Class::Dir object
  my $file = file('bob', 'file.txt'); # Path::Class::File object
  
  # Stringifies to 'foo/bar' on Unix, 'foo\bar' on Windows, etc.
  print "dir: $dir\n";
  
  # Stringifies to 'bob/file.txt' on Unix, 'bob\file.txt' on Windows
  print "file: $file\n";
  
  my $subdir  = $dir->subdir('baz');  # foo/bar/baz
  my $parent  = $subdir->parent;      # foo/bar
  my $parent2 = $parent->parent;      # foo
  
  my $dir2 = $file->dir;              # bob

# Work with foreign paths
  use Path::Class qw(foreign_file foreign_dir);
  my $file = foreign_file('Mac', ':foo:file.txt');
  print $file->dir;                   # :foo:
  print $file->as_foreign('Win32');   # foo\file.txt
  
  # Interact with the underlying filesystem:
  
  # $dir_handle is an IO::Dir object
  my $dir_handle = $dir->open or die "Can't read $dir: $!";
  
  # $file_handle is an IO::File object
  my $file_handle = $file->open($mode) or die "Can't read $file: $!";

=head1 DESCRIPTION

C<Path::Class> is a module for manipulation of file and directory
specifications (strings describing their locations, like
C<'/home/ken/foo.txt'> or C<'C:\Windows\Foo.txt'>) in a cross-platform
manner.  It supports pretty much every platform Perl runs on,
including Unix, Windows, Mac, VMS, Epoc, Cygwin, OS/2, and NetWare.

The well-known module L<File::Spec> also provides this service, but
it's sort of awkward to use well, so people sometimes avoid it, or use
it in a way that won't actually work properly on platforms
significantly different than the ones they've tested their code on.

In fact, C<Path::Class> uses C<File::Spec> internally, wrapping all
the unsightly details so you can concentrate on your application code.
Whereas C<File::Spec> provides functions for some common path
manipulations, C<Path::Class> provides an object-oriented model of the
world of path specifications and their underlying semantics.
C<File::Spec> doesn't create any objects, and its classes represent
the different ways in which paths must be manipulated on various
platforms (not a very intuitive concept).  C<Path::Class> creates
objects representing files and directories, and provides methods that
relate them to each other.  For instance, the following C<File::Spec>
code:

my $absolute = File::Spec->file_name_is_absolute(
                  File::Spec->catfile( @dirs, $file )
                );

can be written using C<Path::Class> as

my $absolute = Path::Class::File->new( @dirs, $file )->is_absolute;

or even as

my $absolute = file( @dirs, $file )->is_absolute;

Similar readability improvements should happen all over the place when
using C<Path::Class>.

Using C<Path::Class> can help solve real problems in your code too -
for instance, how many people actually take the "volume" (like C<C:>
on Windows) into account when writing C<File::Spec>-using code?  I
thought not.  But if you use C<Path::Class>, your file and directory objects
will know what volumes they refer to and do the right thing.

The guts of the C<Path::Class> code live in the L<Path::Class::File>
and L<Path::Class::Dir> modules, so please see those
modules' documentation for more details about how to use them.

=head2 EXPORT

The following functions are exported by default.

=over 4

=item file

A synonym for C<< Path::Class::File->new >>.

=item dir

A synonym for C<< Path::Class::Dir->new >>.

=back

If you would like to prevent their export, you may explicitly pass an
empty list to perl's C<use>, i.e. C<use Path::Class ()>.

The following are exported only on demand.

=over 4

=item foreign_file

A synonym for C<< Path::Class::File->new_foreign >>.

=item foreign_dir

A synonym for C<< Path::Class::Dir->new_foreign >>.

=item tempdir

Create a new Path::Class::Dir instance pointed to temporary directory.

my $temp = Path::Class::tempdir(CLEANUP => 1);

A synonym for C<< Path::Class::Dir->new(File::Temp::tempdir(@_)) >>.

=back

=head1 Notes on Cross-Platform Compatibility

Although it is much easier to write cross-platform-friendly code with
this module than with C<File::Spec>, there are still some issues to be
aware of.

=over 4

=item *

On some platforms, notably VMS and some older versions of DOS (I think),
all filenames must have an extension.  Thus if you create a file
called F<foo/bar> and then ask for a list of files in the directory
F<foo>, you may find a file called F<bar.> instead of the F<bar> you
were expecting.  Thus it might be a good idea to use an extension in
the first place.

=back

=head1 AUTHOR

Ken Williams, KWILLIAMS@cpan.org

=head1 COPYRIGHT

This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

=head1 SEE ALSO

L<Path::Class::Dir>, L<Path::Class::File>, L<File::Spec>

=cut

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