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Edit File : Functions.pm \| Size : 14.03 KB
package Pod::Functions; use strict; =head1 NAME Pod::Functions - Group Perl's functions a la perlfunc.pod =head1 SYNOPSIS use Pod::Functions; my @misc_ops = @{ $Kinds{ 'Misc' } }; my $misc_dsc = $Type_Description{ 'Misc' }; or perl /path/to/lib/Pod/Functions.pm This will print a grouped list of Perl's functions, like the L<perlfunc/"Perl Functions by Category"> section. =head1 DESCRIPTION It exports the following variables: =over 4 =item %Kinds This holds a hash-of-lists. Each list contains the functions in the category the key denotes. =item %Type In this hash each key represents a function and the value is the category. The category can be a comma separated list. =item %Flavor In this hash each key represents a function and the value is a short description of that function. =item %Type_Description In this hash each key represents a category of functions and the value is a short description of that category. =item @Type_Order This list of categories is used to produce the same order as the L<perlfunc/"Perl Functions by Category"> section. =back =cut our $VERSION = '1.11'; require Exporter; our @ISA = qw(Exporter); our @EXPORT = qw(%Kinds %Type %Flavor %Type_Description @Type_Order); our(%Kinds, %Type, %Flavor, %Type_Description, @Type_Order); foreach ( [String => 'Functions for SCALARs or strings'], [Regexp => 'Regular expressions and pattern matching'], [Math => 'Numeric functions'], [ARRAY => 'Functions for real @ARRAYs'], [LIST => 'Functions for list data'], [HASH => 'Functions for real %HASHes'], ['I/O' => 'Input and output functions'], [Binary => 'Functions for fixed-length data or records'], [File => 'Functions for filehandles, files, or directories'], [Flow => 'Keywords related to the control flow of your Perl program'], [Namespace => 'Keywords related to scoping'], [Misc => 'Miscellaneous functions'], [Process => 'Functions for processes and process groups'], [Modules => 'Keywords related to Perl modules'], [Objects => 'Keywords related to classes and object-orientation'], [Socket => 'Low-level socket functions'], [SysV => 'System V interprocess communication functions'], [User => 'Fetching user and group info'], [Network => 'Fetching network info'], [Time => 'Time-related functions'], ) { push @Type_Order, $_->[0]; $Type_Description{$_->[0]} = $_->[1]; }; while (<DATA>) { chomp; s/^#.*//; next unless $_; my($name, @data) = split "\t", $_; $Flavor{$name} = pop @data; $Type{$name} = join ',', @data; for my $t (@data) { push @{$Kinds{$t}}, $name; } } close DATA; my( $typedesc, $list ); unless (caller) { foreach my $type ( @Type_Order ) { $list = join(", ", sort @{$Kinds{$type}}); $typedesc = $Type_Description{$type} . ":"; write; } } format = ^<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< $typedesc ~~ ^<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< $typedesc ~~ ^<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< $list . 1; __DATA__ -X File a file test (-r, -x, etc) abs Math absolute value function accept Socket accept an incoming socket connect alarm Process schedule a SIGALRM atan2 Math arctangent of Y/X in the range -PI to PI bind Socket binds an address to a socket binmode I/O prepare binary files for I/O bless Objects create an object break Flow break out of a C<given> block caller Flow Namespace get context of the current subroutine call chdir File change your current working directory chmod File changes the permissions on a list of files chomp String remove a trailing record separator from a string chop String remove the last character from a string chown File change the ownership on a list of files chr String get character this number represents chroot File make directory new root for path lookups close I/O close file (or pipe or socket) handle closedir I/O close directory handle connect Socket connect to a remote socket continue Flow optional trailing block in a while or foreach cos Math cosine function crypt String one-way passwd-style encryption dbmclose I/O Objects breaks binding on a tied dbm file dbmopen I/O Objects create binding on a tied dbm file defined Misc test whether a value, variable, or function is defined delete HASH deletes a value from a hash die Flow I/O raise an exception or bail out do Flow Modules turn a BLOCK into a TERM dump Flow create an immediate core dump each ARRAY HASH retrieve the next key/value pair from a hash endgrent User be done using group file endhostent User be done using hosts file endnetent User be done using networks file endprotoent Network be done using protocols file endpwent User be done using passwd file endservent Network be done using services file eof I/O test a filehandle for its end eval Flow catch exceptions or compile and run code evalbytes Flow similar to string eval, but intend to parse a bytestream exec Process abandon this program to run another exists HASH test whether a hash key is present exit Flow terminate this program exp Math raise I<e> to a power fc String return casefolded version of a string fcntl File file control system call __FILE__ Flow the name of the current source file fileno I/O return file descriptor from filehandle flock I/O lock an entire file with an advisory lock fork Process create a new process just like this one format I/O declare a picture format with use by the write() function formline Misc internal function used for formats getc I/O get the next character from the filehandle getgrent User get next group record getgrgid User get group record given group user ID getgrnam User get group record given group name gethostbyaddr Network get host record given its address gethostbyname Network get host record given name gethostent Network get next hosts record getlogin User return who logged in at this tty getnetbyaddr Network get network record given its address getnetbyname Network get networks record given name getnetent Network get next networks record getpeername Socket find the other end of a socket connection getpgrp Process get process group getppid Process get parent process ID getpriority Process get current nice value getprotobyname Network get protocol record given name getprotobynumber Network get protocol record numeric protocol getprotoent Network get next protocols record getpwent User get next passwd record getpwnam User get passwd record given user login name getpwuid User get passwd record given user ID getservbyname Network get services record given its name getservbyport Network get services record given numeric port getservent Network get next services record getsockname Socket retrieve the sockaddr for a given socket getsockopt Socket get socket options on a given socket glob File expand filenames using wildcards gmtime Time convert UNIX time into record or string using Greenwich time goto Flow create spaghetti code grep LIST locate elements in a list test true against a given criterion hex Math String convert a hexadecimal string to a number import Modules Namespace patch a module's namespace into your own index String find a substring within a string int Math get the integer portion of a number ioctl File system-dependent device control system call join LIST join a list into a string using a separator keys ARRAY HASH retrieve list of indices from a hash kill Process send a signal to a process or process group last Flow exit a block prematurely lc String return lower-case version of a string lcfirst String return a string with just the next letter in lower case length String return the number of characters in a string __LINE__ Flow the current source line number link File create a hard link in the filesystem listen Socket register your socket as a server local Namespace create a temporary value for a global variable (dynamic scoping) localtime Time convert UNIX time into record or string using local time lock Misc get a thread lock on a variable, subroutine, or method log Math retrieve the natural logarithm for a number lstat File stat a symbolic link m// Regexp match a string with a regular expression pattern map LIST apply a change to a list to get back a new list with the changes mkdir File create a directory msgctl SysV SysV IPC message control operations msgget SysV get SysV IPC message queue msgrcv SysV receive a SysV IPC message from a message queue msgsnd SysV send a SysV IPC message to a message queue my Namespace declare and assign a local variable (lexical scoping) next Flow iterate a block prematurely no Modules unimport some module symbols or semantics at compile time oct Math String convert a string to an octal number open File open a file, pipe, or descriptor opendir File open a directory ord String find a character's numeric representation our Namespace declare and assign a package variable (lexical scoping) pack Binary String convert a list into a binary representation package Modules Namespace Objects declare a separate global namespace __PACKAGE__ Flow the current package pipe Process open a pair of connected filehandles pop ARRAY remove the last element from an array and return it pos Regexp find or set the offset for the last/next m//g search print I/O output a list to a filehandle printf I/O output a formatted list to a filehandle prototype Misc get the prototype (if any) of a subroutine push ARRAY append one or more elements to an array q/STRING/ String singly quote a string qq/STRING/ String doubly quote a string qr/STRING/ Regexp compile pattern quotemeta Regexp quote regular expression magic characters qw/STRING/ LIST quote a list of words qx/STRING/ Process backquote quote a string rand Math retrieve the next pseudorandom number read Binary I/O fixed-length buffered input from a filehandle readdir I/O get a directory from a directory handle readline I/O fetch a record from a file readlink File determine where a symbolic link is pointing readpipe Process execute a system command and collect standard output recv Socket receive a message over a Socket redo Flow start this loop iteration over again ref Objects find out the type of thing being referenced rename File change a filename require Modules load in external functions from a library at runtime reset Misc clear all variables of a given name return Flow get out of a function early reverse LIST String flip a string or a list rewinddir I/O reset directory handle rindex String right-to-left substring search rmdir File remove a directory s/// Regexp replace a pattern with a string say I/O output a list to a filehandle, appending a newline scalar Misc force a scalar context seek I/O reposition file pointer for random-access I/O seekdir I/O reposition directory pointer select File I/O reset default output or do I/O multiplexing semctl SysV SysV semaphore control operations semget SysV get set of SysV semaphores semop SysV SysV semaphore operations send Socket send a message over a socket setgrent User prepare group file for use sethostent Network prepare hosts file for use setnetent Network prepare networks file for use setpgrp Process set the process group of a process setpriority Process set a process's nice value setprotoent Network prepare protocols file for use setpwent User prepare passwd file for use setservent Network prepare services file for use setsockopt Socket set some socket options shift ARRAY remove the first element of an array, and return it shmctl SysV SysV shared memory operations shmget SysV get SysV shared memory segment identifier shmread SysV read SysV shared memory shmwrite SysV write SysV shared memory shutdown Socket close down just half of a socket connection sin Math return the sine of a number sleep Process block for some number of seconds socket Socket create a socket socketpair Socket create a pair of sockets sort LIST sort a list of values splice ARRAY add or remove elements anywhere in an array split Regexp split up a string using a regexp delimiter sprintf String formatted print into a string sqrt Math square root function srand Math seed the random number generator stat File get a file's status information state Namespace declare and assign a persistent lexical variable study Regexp no-op, formerly optimized input data for repeated searches sub Flow declare a subroutine, possibly anonymously __SUB__ Flow the current subroutine, or C<undef> if not in a subroutine substr String get or alter a portion of a string symlink File create a symbolic link to a file syscall Binary I/O execute an arbitrary system call sysopen File open a file, pipe, or descriptor sysread Binary I/O fixed-length unbuffered input from a filehandle sysseek Binary I/O position I/O pointer on handle used with sysread and syswrite system Process run a separate program syswrite Binary I/O fixed-length unbuffered output to a filehandle tell I/O get current seekpointer on a filehandle telldir I/O get current seekpointer on a directory handle tie Objects bind a variable to an object class tied Objects get a reference to the object underlying a tied variable time Time return number of seconds since 1970 times Process Time return elapsed time for self and child processes tr/// String transliterate a string truncate I/O shorten a file uc String return upper-case version of a string ucfirst String return a string with just the next letter in upper case umask File set file creation mode mask undef Misc remove a variable or function definition unlink File remove one link to a file unpack Binary LIST convert binary structure into normal perl variables unshift ARRAY prepend more elements to the beginning of a list untie Objects break a tie binding to a variable use Modules Namespace Objects load in a module at compile time and import its namespace utime File set a file's last access and modify times values ARRAY HASH return a list of the values in a hash vec Binary test or set particular bits in a string wait Process wait for any child process to die waitpid Process wait for a particular child process to die wantarray Flow get void vs scalar vs list context of current subroutine call warn I/O print debugging info write I/O print a picture record y/// String transliterate a string Back

Edit File : Functions.pm | Size : 14.03 KB

package Pod::Functions;
use strict;

=head1 NAME

Pod::Functions - Group Perl's functions a la perlfunc.pod

=head1 SYNOPSIS

use Pod::Functions;

my @misc_ops = @{ $Kinds{ 'Misc' } };
    my $misc_dsc = $Type_Description{ 'Misc' };

perl /path/to/lib/Pod/Functions.pm

This will print a grouped list of Perl's functions, like the 
L<perlfunc/"Perl Functions by Category"> section.

=head1 DESCRIPTION

It exports the following variables:

=over 4

=item %Kinds

This holds a hash-of-lists. Each list contains the functions in the category
the key denotes.

=item %Type

In this hash each key represents a function and the value is the category.
The category can be a comma separated list.

=item %Flavor

In this hash each key represents a function and the value is a short 
description of that function.

=item %Type_Description

In this hash each key represents a category of functions and the value is 
a short description of that category.

=item @Type_Order

This list of categories is used to produce the same order as the
L<perlfunc/"Perl Functions by Category"> section.

=back

=cut

our $VERSION = '1.11';

require Exporter;

our @ISA = qw(Exporter);
our @EXPORT = qw(%Kinds %Type %Flavor %Type_Description @Type_Order);

our(%Kinds, %Type, %Flavor, %Type_Description, @Type_Order);

foreach (
    [String     => 'Functions for SCALARs or strings'],
    [Regexp     => 'Regular expressions and pattern matching'],
    [Math       => 'Numeric functions'],
    [ARRAY      => 'Functions for real @ARRAYs'],
    [LIST       => 'Functions for list data'],
    [HASH       => 'Functions for real %HASHes'],
    ['I/O'      => 'Input and output functions'],
    [Binary     => 'Functions for fixed-length data or records'],
    [File       => 'Functions for filehandles, files, or directories'],
    [Flow       => 'Keywords related to the control flow of your Perl program'],
    [Namespace  => 'Keywords related to scoping'],
    [Misc       => 'Miscellaneous functions'],
    [Process    => 'Functions for processes and process groups'],
    [Modules    => 'Keywords related to Perl modules'],
    [Objects    => 'Keywords related to classes and object-orientation'],
    [Socket     => 'Low-level socket functions'],
    [SysV       => 'System V interprocess communication functions'],
    [User       => 'Fetching user and group info'],
    [Network    => 'Fetching network info'],
    [Time       => 'Time-related functions'],
	) {
    push @Type_Order, $_->[0];
    $Type_Description{$_->[0]} = $_->[1];
};

while (<DATA>) {
    chomp;
    s/^#.*//;
    next unless $_;
    my($name, @data) = split "\t", $_;
    $Flavor{$name} = pop @data;
    $Type{$name} = join ',', @data;
    for my $t (@data) {
        push @{$Kinds{$t}}, $name;
    }
}

close DATA;

my( $typedesc, $list );
unless (caller) { 
    foreach my $type ( @Type_Order ) {
	$list = join(", ", sort @{$Kinds{$type}});
	$typedesc = $Type_Description{$type} . ":";
	write;
    } 
}

format =

^<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
    $typedesc 
~~ ^<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
    $typedesc 
 ~~  ^<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
	$list
.

__DATA__
-X	File	a file test (-r, -x, etc)
abs	Math	absolute value function
accept	Socket	accept an incoming socket connect
alarm	Process	schedule a SIGALRM
atan2	Math	arctangent of Y/X in the range -PI to PI
bind	Socket	binds an address to a socket
binmode	I/O	prepare binary files for I/O
bless	Objects	create an object
break	Flow	break out of a C<given> block
caller	Flow	Namespace	get context of the current subroutine call
chdir	File	change your current working directory
chmod	File	changes the permissions on a list of files
chomp	String	remove a trailing record separator from a string
chop	String	remove the last character from a string
chown	File	change the ownership on a list of files
chr	String	get character this number represents
chroot	File	make directory new root for path lookups
close	I/O	close file (or pipe or socket) handle
closedir	I/O	close directory handle
connect	Socket	connect to a remote socket
continue	Flow	optional trailing block in a while or foreach
cos	Math	cosine function
crypt	String	one-way passwd-style encryption
dbmclose	I/O	Objects	breaks binding on a tied dbm file
dbmopen	I/O	Objects	create binding on a tied dbm file
defined	Misc	test whether a value, variable, or function is defined
delete	HASH	deletes a value from a hash
die	Flow	I/O	raise an exception or bail out
do	Flow	Modules	turn a BLOCK into a TERM
dump	Flow	create an immediate core dump
each	ARRAY	HASH	retrieve the next key/value pair from a hash
endgrent	User	be done using group file
endhostent	User	be done using hosts file
endnetent	User	be done using networks file
endprotoent	Network	be done using protocols file
endpwent	User	be done using passwd file
endservent	Network	be done using services file
eof	I/O	test a filehandle for its end
eval	Flow	catch exceptions or compile and run code
evalbytes	Flow	similar to string eval, but intend to parse a bytestream
exec	Process	abandon this program to run another
exists	HASH	test whether a hash key is present
exit	Flow	terminate this program
exp	Math	raise I<e> to a power
fc	String	return casefolded version of a string
fcntl	File	file control system call
__FILE__	Flow	the name of the current source file
fileno	I/O	return file descriptor from filehandle
flock	I/O	lock an entire file with an advisory lock
fork	Process	create a new process just like this one
format	I/O	declare a picture format with use by the write() function
formline	Misc	internal function used for formats
getc	I/O	get the next character from the filehandle
getgrent	User	get next group record
getgrgid	User	get group record given group user ID
getgrnam	User	get group record given group name
gethostbyaddr	Network	get host record given its address
gethostbyname	Network	get host record given name
gethostent	Network	get next hosts record
getlogin	User	return who logged in at this tty
getnetbyaddr	Network	get network record given its address
getnetbyname	Network	get networks record given name
getnetent	Network	get next networks record
getpeername	Socket	find the other end of a socket connection
getpgrp	Process	get process group
getppid	Process	get parent process ID
getpriority	Process	get current nice value
getprotobyname	Network	get protocol record given name
getprotobynumber	Network	get protocol record numeric protocol
getprotoent	Network	get next protocols record
getpwent	User	get next passwd record
getpwnam	User	get passwd record given user login name
getpwuid	User	get passwd record given user ID
getservbyname	Network	get services record given its name
getservbyport	Network	get services record given numeric port
getservent	Network	get next services record
getsockname	Socket	retrieve the sockaddr for a given socket
getsockopt	Socket	get socket options on a given socket
glob	File	expand filenames using wildcards
gmtime	Time	convert UNIX time into record or string using Greenwich time
goto	Flow	create spaghetti code
grep	LIST	locate elements in a list test true against a given criterion
hex	Math	String	convert a hexadecimal string to a number
import	Modules	Namespace	patch a module's namespace into your own
index	String	find a substring within a string
int	Math	get the integer portion of a number
ioctl	File	system-dependent device control system call
join	LIST	join a list into a string using a separator
keys	ARRAY	HASH	retrieve list of indices from a hash
kill	Process	send a signal to a process or process group
last	Flow	exit a block prematurely
lc	String	return lower-case version of a string
lcfirst	String	return a string with just the next letter in lower case
length	String	return the number of characters in a string
__LINE__	Flow	the current source line number
link	File	create a hard link in the filesystem
listen	Socket	register your socket as a server
local	Namespace	create a temporary value for a global variable (dynamic scoping)
localtime	Time	convert UNIX time into record or string using local time
lock	Misc	get a thread lock on a variable, subroutine, or method
log	Math	retrieve the natural logarithm for a number
lstat	File	stat a symbolic link
m//	Regexp	match a string with a regular expression pattern
map	LIST	apply a change to a list to get back a new list with the changes
mkdir	File	create a directory
msgctl	SysV	SysV IPC message control operations
msgget	SysV	get SysV IPC message queue
msgrcv	SysV	receive a SysV IPC message from a message queue
msgsnd	SysV	send a SysV IPC message to a message queue
my	Namespace	declare and assign a local variable (lexical scoping)
next	Flow	iterate a block prematurely
no	Modules	unimport some module symbols or semantics at compile time
oct	Math	String	convert a string to an octal number
open	File	open a file, pipe, or descriptor
opendir	File	open a directory
ord	String	find a character's numeric representation
our	Namespace	declare and assign a package variable (lexical scoping)
pack	Binary	String	convert a list into a binary representation
package	Modules	Namespace	Objects	declare a separate global namespace
__PACKAGE__	Flow	the current package
pipe	Process	open a pair of connected filehandles
pop	ARRAY	remove the last element from an array and return it
pos	Regexp	find or set the offset for the last/next m//g search
print	I/O	output a list to a filehandle
printf	I/O	output a formatted list to a filehandle
prototype	Misc	get the prototype (if any) of a subroutine
push	ARRAY	append one or more elements to an array
q/STRING/	String	singly quote a string
qq/STRING/	String	doubly quote a string
qr/STRING/	Regexp	compile pattern
quotemeta	Regexp	quote regular expression magic characters
qw/STRING/	LIST	quote a list of words
qx/STRING/	Process	backquote quote a string
rand	Math	retrieve the next pseudorandom number
read	Binary	I/O	fixed-length buffered input from a filehandle
readdir	I/O	get a directory from a directory handle
readline	I/O	fetch a record from a file
readlink	File	determine where a symbolic link is pointing
readpipe	Process	execute a system command and collect standard output
recv	Socket	receive a message over a Socket
redo	Flow	start this loop iteration over again
ref	Objects	find out the type of thing being referenced
rename	File	change a filename
require	Modules	load in external functions from a library at runtime
reset	Misc	clear all variables of a given name
return	Flow	get out of a function early
reverse	LIST	String	flip a string or a list
rewinddir	I/O	reset directory handle
rindex	String	right-to-left substring search
rmdir	File	remove a directory
s///	Regexp	replace a pattern with a string
say	I/O	output a list to a filehandle, appending a newline
scalar	Misc	force a scalar context
seek	I/O	reposition file pointer for random-access I/O
seekdir	I/O	reposition directory pointer
select	File	I/O	reset default output or do I/O multiplexing
semctl	SysV	SysV semaphore control operations
semget	SysV	get set of SysV semaphores
semop	SysV	SysV semaphore operations
send	Socket	send a message over a socket
setgrent	User	prepare group file for use
sethostent	Network	prepare hosts file for use
setnetent	Network	prepare networks file for use
setpgrp	Process	set the process group of a process
setpriority	Process	set a process's nice value
setprotoent	Network	prepare protocols file for use
setpwent	User	prepare passwd file for use
setservent	Network	prepare services file for use
setsockopt	Socket	set some socket options
shift	ARRAY	remove the first element of an array, and return it
shmctl	SysV	SysV shared memory operations
shmget	SysV	get SysV shared memory segment identifier
shmread	SysV	read SysV shared memory
shmwrite	SysV	write SysV shared memory
shutdown	Socket	close down just half of a socket connection
sin	Math	return the sine of a number
sleep	Process	block for some number of seconds
socket	Socket	create a socket
socketpair	Socket	create a pair of sockets
sort	LIST	sort a list of values
splice	ARRAY	add or remove elements anywhere in an array
split	Regexp	split up a string using a regexp delimiter
sprintf	String	formatted print into a string
sqrt	Math	square root function
srand	Math	seed the random number generator
stat	File	get a file's status information
state	Namespace	declare and assign a persistent lexical variable
study	Regexp	no-op, formerly optimized input data for repeated searches
sub	Flow	declare a subroutine, possibly anonymously
__SUB__	Flow	the current subroutine, or C<undef> if not in a subroutine
substr	String	get or alter a portion of a string
symlink	File	create a symbolic link to a file
syscall	Binary	I/O	execute an arbitrary system call
sysopen	File	open a file, pipe, or descriptor
sysread	Binary	I/O	fixed-length unbuffered input from a filehandle
sysseek	Binary	I/O	position I/O pointer on handle used with sysread and syswrite
system	Process	run a separate program
syswrite	Binary	I/O	fixed-length unbuffered output to a filehandle
tell	I/O	get current seekpointer on a filehandle
telldir	I/O	get current seekpointer on a directory handle
tie	Objects	bind a variable to an object class
tied	Objects	get a reference to the object underlying a tied variable
time	Time	return number of seconds since 1970
times	Process	Time	return elapsed time for self and child processes
tr///	String	transliterate a string
truncate	I/O	shorten a file
uc	String	return upper-case version of a string
ucfirst	String	return a string with just the next letter in upper case
umask	File	set file creation mode mask
undef	Misc	remove a variable or function definition
unlink	File	remove one link to a file
unpack	Binary	LIST	convert binary structure into normal perl variables
unshift	ARRAY	prepend more elements to the beginning of a list
untie	Objects	break a tie binding to a variable
use	Modules	Namespace	Objects	load in a module at compile time and import its namespace
utime	File	set a file's last access and modify times
values	ARRAY	HASH	return a list of the values in a hash
vec	Binary	test or set particular bits in a string
wait	Process	wait for any child process to die
waitpid	Process	wait for a particular child process to die
wantarray	Flow	get void vs scalar vs list context of current subroutine call
warn	I/O	print debugging info
write	I/O	print a picture record
y///	String	transliterate a string

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