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Edit File : SCRAM.php \| Size : 12.25 KB
<?php // +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ // \| Copyright (c) 2011 Jehan \| // \| All rights reserved. \| // \| \| // \| Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without \| // \| modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions \| // \| are met: \| // \| \| // \| o Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright \| // \| notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. \| // \| o Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright \| // \| notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the \| // \| documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.\| // \| o The names of the authors may not be used to endorse or promote \| // \| products derived from this software without specific prior written \| // \| permission. \| // \| \| // \| THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS \| // \| "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT \| // \| LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR \| // \| A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT \| // \| OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, \| // \| SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT \| // \| LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, \| // \| DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY \| // \| THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT \| // \| (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE \| // \| OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. \| // \| \| // +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ // \| Author: Jehan <jehan.marmottard@gmail.com \| // +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ // // $Id$ /** * Implementation of SCRAM-* SASL mechanisms. * SCRAM mechanisms have 3 main steps (initial response, response to the server challenge, then server signature * verification) which keep state-awareness. Therefore a single class instanciation must be done and reused for the whole * authentication process. * * @author Jehan <jehan.marmottard@gmail.com> * @access public * @version 1.0 * @package Auth_SASL / require_once('Auth/SASL/Common.php'); class Auth_SASL_SCRAM extends Auth_SASL_Common { /* * Construct a SCRAM-H client where 'H' is a cryptographic hash function. * * @param string $hash The name cryptographic hash function 'H' as registered by IANA in the "Hash Function Textual * Names" registry. * @link http://www.iana.org/assignments/hash-function-text-names/hash-function-text-names.xml "Hash Function Textual * Names" * format of core PHP hash function. * @access public / function __construct($hash) { // Though I could be strict, I will actually also accept the naming used in the PHP core hash framework. // For instance "sha1" is accepted, while the registered hash name should be "SHA-1". $hash = strtolower($hash); $hashes = array('md2' => 'md2', 'md5' => 'md5', 'sha-1' => 'sha1', 'sha1' => 'sha1', 'sha-224' > 'sha224', 'sha224' > 'sha224', 'sha-256' => 'sha256', 'sha256' => 'sha256', 'sha-384' => 'sha384', 'sha384' => 'sha384', 'sha-512' => 'sha512', 'sha512' => 'sha512'); if (function_exists('hash_hmac') && isset($hashes[$hash])) { $this->hash = create_function('$data', 'return hash("' . $hashes[$hash] . '", $data, TRUE);'); $this->hmac = create_function('$key,$str,$raw', 'return hash_hmac("' . $hashes[$hash] . '", $str, $key, $raw);'); } elseif ($hash == 'md5') { $this->hash = create_function('$data', 'return md5($data, true);'); $this->hmac = array($this, '_HMAC_MD5'); } elseif (in_array($hash, array('sha1', 'sha-1'))) { $this->hash = create_function('$data', 'return sha1($data, true);'); $this->hmac = array($this, '_HMAC_SHA1'); } else return PEAR::raiseError('Invalid SASL mechanism type'); } /* * Provides the (main) client response for SCRAM-H. * * @param string $authcid Authentication id (username) * @param string $pass Password * @param string $challenge The challenge sent by the server. * If the challenge is NULL or an empty string, the result will be the "initial response". * @param string $authzid Authorization id (username to proxy as) * @return string\|false The response (binary, NOT base64 encoded) * @access public / public function getResponse($authcid, $pass, $challenge = NULL, $authzid = NULL) { $authcid = $this->_formatName($authcid); if (empty($authcid)) { return false; } if (!empty($authzid)) { $authzid = $this->_formatName($authzid); if (empty($authzid)) { return false; } } if (empty($challenge)) { return $this->_generateInitialResponse($authcid, $authzid); } else { return $this->_generateResponse($challenge, $pass); } } /* * Prepare a name for inclusion in a SCRAM response. * * @param string $username a name to be prepared. * @return string the reformated name. * @access private / private function _formatName($username) { // TODO: prepare through the SASLprep profile of the stringprep algorithm. // See RFC-4013. $username = str_replace('=', '=3D', $username); $username = str_replace(',', '=2C', $username); return $username; } /* * Generate the initial response which can be either sent directly in the first message or as a response to an empty * server challenge. * * @param string $authcid Prepared authentication identity. * @param string $authzid Prepared authorization identity. * @return string The SCRAM response to send. * @access private / private function _generateInitialResponse($authcid, $authzid) { $init_rep = ''; $gs2_cbind_flag = 'n,'; // TODO: support channel binding. $this->gs2_header = $gs2_cbind_flag . (!empty($authzid)? 'a=' . $authzid : '') . ','; // I must generate a client nonce and "save" it for later comparison on second response. $this->cnonce = $this->_getCnonce(); // XXX: in the future, when mandatory and/or optional extensions are defined in any updated RFC, // this message can be updated. $this->first_message_bare = 'n=' . $authcid . ',r=' . $this->cnonce; return $this->gs2_header . $this->first_message_bare; } /* * Parses and verifies a non-empty SCRAM challenge. * * @param string $challenge The SCRAM challenge * @return string\|false The response to send; false in case of wrong challenge or if an initial response has not * been generated first. * @access private / private function _generateResponse($challenge, $password) { // XXX: as I don't support mandatory extension, I would fail on them. // And I simply ignore any optional extension. $server_message_regexp = "#^r=([\x21-\x2B\x2D-\x7E]+),s=((?:[A-Za-z0-9/+]{4})(?:[A-Za-z0-9]{3}=\|[A-Xa-z0-9]{2}==)?),i=([0-9])(,[A-Za-z]=[^,])$#"; if (!isset($this->cnonce, $this->gs2_header) \|\| !preg_match($server_message_regexp, $challenge, $matches)) { return false; } $nonce = $matches[1]; $salt = base64_decode($matches[2]); if (!$salt) { // Invalid Base64. return false; } $i = intval($matches[3]); $cnonce = substr($nonce, 0, strlen($this->cnonce)); if ($cnonce <> $this->cnonce) { // Invalid challenge! Are we under attack? return false; } $channel_binding = 'c=' . base64_encode($this->gs2_header); // TODO: support channel binding. $final_message = $channel_binding . ',r=' . $nonce; // XXX: no extension. // TODO: $password = $this->normalize($password); // SASLprep profile of stringprep. $saltedPassword = $this->hi($password, $salt, $i); $this->saltedPassword = $saltedPassword; $clientKey = call_user_func($this->hmac, $saltedPassword, "Client Key", TRUE); $storedKey = call_user_func($this->hash, $clientKey, TRUE); $authMessage = $this->first_message_bare . ',' . $challenge . ',' . $final_message; $this->authMessage = $authMessage; $clientSignature = call_user_func($this->hmac, $storedKey, $authMessage, TRUE); $clientProof = $clientKey ^ $clientSignature; $proof = ',p=' . base64_encode($clientProof); return $final_message . $proof; } /** * SCRAM has also a server verification step. On a successful outcome, it will send additional data which must * absolutely be checked against this function. If this fails, the entity which we are communicating with is probably * not the server as it has not access to your ServerKey. * * @param string $data The additional data sent along a successful outcome. * @return bool Whether the server has been authenticated. * If false, the client must close the connection and consider to be under a MITM attack. * @access public / public function processOutcome($data) { $verifier_regexp = '#^v=((?:[A-Za-z0-9/+]{4})(?:[A-Za-z0-9]{3}=\|[A-Xa-z0-9]{2}==)?)$#'; if (!isset($this->saltedPassword, $this->authMessage) \|\| !preg_match($verifier_regexp, $data, $matches)) { // This cannot be an outcome, you never sent the challenge's response. return false; } $verifier = $matches[1]; $proposed_serverSignature = base64_decode($verifier); $serverKey = call_user_func($this->hmac, $this->saltedPassword, "Server Key", true); $serverSignature = call_user_func($this->hmac, $serverKey, $this->authMessage, TRUE); return ($proposed_serverSignature === $serverSignature); } /** * Hi() call, which is essentially PBKDF2 (RFC-2898) with HMAC-H() as the pseudorandom function. * * @param string $str The string to hash. * @param string $hash The hash value. * @param int $i The iteration count. * @access private / private function hi($str, $salt, $i) { $int1 = "\0\0\0\1"; $ui = call_user_func($this->hmac, $str, $salt . $int1, true); $result = $ui; for ($k = 1; $k < $i; $k++) { $ui = call_user_func($this->hmac, $str, $ui, true); $result = $result ^ $ui; } return $result; } /* * Creates the client nonce for the response * * @return string The cnonce value * @access private * @author Richard Heyes <richard@php.net> */ private function _getCnonce() { // TODO: I reused the nonce function from the DigestMD5 class. // I should probably make this a protected function in Common. if (@file_exists('/dev/urandom') && $fd = @fopen('/dev/urandom', 'r')) { return base64_encode(fread($fd, 32)); } elseif (@file_exists('/dev/random') && $fd = @fopen('/dev/random', 'r')) { return base64_encode(fread($fd, 32)); } else { $str = ''; for ($i=0; $i<32; $i++) { $str .= chr(mt_rand(0, 255)); } return base64_encode($str); } } } ?> Back

Edit File : SCRAM.php | Size : 12.25 KB

<?php
// +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
// | Copyright (c) 2011 Jehan                                              |
// | All rights reserved.                                                  |
// |                                                                       |
// | Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without    |
// | modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions    |
// | are met:                                                              |
// |                                                                       |
// | o Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright      |
// |   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.       |
// | o Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright   |
// |   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the |
// |   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.|
// | o The names of the authors may not be used to endorse or promote      |
// |   products derived from this software without specific prior written  |
// |   permission.                                                         |
// |                                                                       |
// | THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS   |
// | "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT     |
// | LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR |
// | A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT  |
// | OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, |
// | SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT      |
// | LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, |
// | DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY |
// | THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT   |
// | (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE |
// | OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.  |
// |                                                                       |
// +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
// | Author: Jehan <jehan.marmottard@gmail.com                             |
// +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
//
// $Id$

/**
* Implementation of SCRAM-* SASL mechanisms.
* SCRAM mechanisms have 3 main steps (initial response, response to the server challenge, then server signature
* verification) which keep state-awareness. Therefore a single class instanciation must be done and reused for the whole
* authentication process.
*
* @author  Jehan <jehan.marmottard@gmail.com>
* @access  public
* @version 1.0
* @package Auth_SASL
*/

require_once('Auth/SASL/Common.php');

class Auth_SASL_SCRAM extends Auth_SASL_Common
{
    /**
    * Construct a SCRAM-H client where 'H' is a cryptographic hash function.
    *
    * @param string $hash The name cryptographic hash function 'H' as registered by IANA in the "Hash Function Textual
    * Names" registry.
    * @link http://www.iana.org/assignments/hash-function-text-names/hash-function-text-names.xml "Hash Function Textual
    * Names"
    * format of core PHP hash function.
    * @access public
    */
    function __construct($hash)
    {
        // Though I could be strict, I will actually also accept the naming used in the PHP core hash framework.
        // For instance "sha1" is accepted, while the registered hash name should be "SHA-1".
        $hash = strtolower($hash);
        $hashes = array('md2' => 'md2',
            'md5' => 'md5',
            'sha-1' => 'sha1',
            'sha1' => 'sha1',
            'sha-224' > 'sha224',
            'sha224' > 'sha224',
            'sha-256' => 'sha256',
            'sha256' => 'sha256',
            'sha-384' => 'sha384',
            'sha384' => 'sha384',
            'sha-512' => 'sha512',
            'sha512' => 'sha512');
        if (function_exists('hash_hmac') && isset($hashes[$hash]))
        {
            $this->hash = create_function('$data', 'return hash("' . $hashes[$hash] . '", $data, TRUE);');
            $this->hmac = create_function('$key,$str,$raw', 'return hash_hmac("' . $hashes[$hash] . '", $str, $key, $raw);');
        }
        elseif ($hash == 'md5')
        {
            $this->hash = create_function('$data', 'return md5($data, true);');
            $this->hmac = array($this, '_HMAC_MD5');
        }
        elseif (in_array($hash, array('sha1', 'sha-1')))
        {
            $this->hash = create_function('$data', 'return sha1($data, true);');
            $this->hmac = array($this, '_HMAC_SHA1');
        }
        else
            return PEAR::raiseError('Invalid SASL mechanism type');
    }

/**
    * Provides the (main) client response for SCRAM-H.
    *
    * @param  string $authcid   Authentication id (username)
    * @param  string $pass      Password
    * @param  string $challenge The challenge sent by the server.
    * If the challenge is NULL or an empty string, the result will be the "initial response".
    * @param  string $authzid   Authorization id (username to proxy as)
    * @return string|false      The response (binary, NOT base64 encoded)
    * @access public
    */
    public function getResponse($authcid, $pass, $challenge = NULL, $authzid = NULL)
    {
        $authcid = $this->_formatName($authcid);
        if (empty($authcid))
        {
            return false;
        }
        if (!empty($authzid))
        {
            $authzid = $this->_formatName($authzid);
            if (empty($authzid))
            {
                return false;
            }
        }

if (empty($challenge))
        {
            return $this->_generateInitialResponse($authcid, $authzid);
        }
        else
        {
            return $this->_generateResponse($challenge, $pass);
        }

}

/**
    * Prepare a name for inclusion in a SCRAM response.
    *
    * @param string $username a name to be prepared.
    * @return string the reformated name.
    * @access private
    */
    private function _formatName($username)
    {
        // TODO: prepare through the SASLprep profile of the stringprep algorithm.
        // See RFC-4013.

$username = str_replace('=', '=3D', $username);
        $username = str_replace(',', '=2C', $username);
        return $username;
    }

/**
    * Generate the initial response which can be either sent directly in the first message or as a response to an empty
    * server challenge.
    *
    * @param string $authcid Prepared authentication identity.
    * @param string $authzid Prepared authorization identity.
    * @return string The SCRAM response to send.
    * @access private
    */
    private function _generateInitialResponse($authcid, $authzid)
    {
        $init_rep = '';
        $gs2_cbind_flag = 'n,'; // TODO: support channel binding.
        $this->gs2_header = $gs2_cbind_flag . (!empty($authzid)? 'a=' . $authzid : '') . ',';

// I must generate a client nonce and "save" it for later comparison on second response.
        $this->cnonce = $this->_getCnonce();
        // XXX: in the future, when mandatory and/or optional extensions are defined in any updated RFC,
        // this message can be updated.
        $this->first_message_bare = 'n=' . $authcid . ',r=' . $this->cnonce;
        return $this->gs2_header . $this->first_message_bare;
    }

/**
    * Parses and verifies a non-empty SCRAM challenge.
    *
    * @param  string $challenge The SCRAM challenge
    * @return string|false      The response to send; false in case of wrong challenge or if an initial response has not
    * been generated first.
    * @access private
    */
    private function _generateResponse($challenge, $password)
    {
        // XXX: as I don't support mandatory extension, I would fail on them.
        // And I simply ignore any optional extension.
        $server_message_regexp = "#^r=([\x21-\x2B\x2D-\x7E]+),s=((?:[A-Za-z0-9/+]{4})*(?:[A-Za-z0-9]{3}=|[A-Xa-z0-9]{2}==)?),i=([0-9]*)(,[A-Za-z]=[^,])*$#";
        if (!isset($this->cnonce, $this->gs2_header)
            || !preg_match($server_message_regexp, $challenge, $matches))
        {
            return false;
        }
        $nonce = $matches[1];
        $salt = base64_decode($matches[2]);
        if (!$salt)
        {
            // Invalid Base64.
            return false;
        }
        $i = intval($matches[3]);

$cnonce = substr($nonce, 0, strlen($this->cnonce));
        if ($cnonce <> $this->cnonce)
        {
            // Invalid challenge! Are we under attack?
            return false;
        }

$channel_binding = 'c=' . base64_encode($this->gs2_header); // TODO: support channel binding.
        $final_message = $channel_binding . ',r=' . $nonce; // XXX: no extension.

// TODO: $password = $this->normalize($password); // SASLprep profile of stringprep.
        $saltedPassword = $this->hi($password, $salt, $i);
        $this->saltedPassword = $saltedPassword;
        $clientKey = call_user_func($this->hmac, $saltedPassword, "Client Key", TRUE);
        $storedKey = call_user_func($this->hash, $clientKey, TRUE);
        $authMessage = $this->first_message_bare . ',' . $challenge . ',' . $final_message;
        $this->authMessage = $authMessage;
        $clientSignature = call_user_func($this->hmac, $storedKey, $authMessage, TRUE);
        $clientProof = $clientKey ^ $clientSignature;
        $proof = ',p=' . base64_encode($clientProof);

return $final_message . $proof;
    }

/**
    * SCRAM has also a server verification step. On a successful outcome, it will send additional data which must
    * absolutely be checked against this function. If this fails, the entity which we are communicating with is probably
    * not the server as it has not access to your ServerKey.
    *
    * @param string $data The additional data sent along a successful outcome.
    * @return bool Whether the server has been authenticated.
    * If false, the client must close the connection and consider to be under a MITM attack.
    * @access public
    */
    public function processOutcome($data)
    {
        $verifier_regexp = '#^v=((?:[A-Za-z0-9/+]{4})*(?:[A-Za-z0-9]{3}=|[A-Xa-z0-9]{2}==)?)$#';
        if (!isset($this->saltedPassword, $this->authMessage)
            || !preg_match($verifier_regexp, $data, $matches))
        {
            // This cannot be an outcome, you never sent the challenge's response.
            return false;
        }

$verifier = $matches[1];
        $proposed_serverSignature = base64_decode($verifier);
        $serverKey = call_user_func($this->hmac, $this->saltedPassword, "Server Key", true);
        $serverSignature = call_user_func($this->hmac, $serverKey, $this->authMessage, TRUE);
        return ($proposed_serverSignature === $serverSignature);
    }

/**
    * Hi() call, which is essentially PBKDF2 (RFC-2898) with HMAC-H() as the pseudorandom function.
    *
    * @param string $str The string to hash.
    * @param string $hash The hash value.
    * @param int $i The iteration count.
    * @access private
    */
    private function hi($str, $salt, $i)
    {
        $int1 = "\0\0\0\1";
        $ui = call_user_func($this->hmac, $str, $salt . $int1, true);
        $result = $ui;
        for ($k = 1; $k < $i; $k++)
        {
            $ui = call_user_func($this->hmac, $str, $ui, true);
            $result = $result ^ $ui;
        }
        return $result;
    }

/**
    * Creates the client nonce for the response
    *
    * @return string  The cnonce value
    * @access private
    * @author  Richard Heyes <richard@php.net>
    */
    private function _getCnonce()
    {
        // TODO: I reused the nonce function from the DigestMD5 class.
        // I should probably make this a protected function in Common.
        if (@file_exists('/dev/urandom') && $fd = @fopen('/dev/urandom', 'r')) {
            return base64_encode(fread($fd, 32));

} elseif (@file_exists('/dev/random') && $fd = @fopen('/dev/random', 'r')) {
            return base64_encode(fread($fd, 32));

} else {
            $str = '';
            for ($i=0; $i<32; $i++) {
                $str .= chr(mt_rand(0, 255));
            }

return base64_encode($str);
        }
    }

}

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