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Edit File : installer.rb \| Size : 25.11 KB
# frozen_string_literal: true #-- # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others. # All rights reserved. # See LICENSE.txt for permissions. #++ require 'rubygems/command' require 'rubygems/exceptions' require 'rubygems/package' require 'rubygems/ext' require 'rubygems/user_interaction' require 'fileutils' ## # The installer installs the files contained in the .gem into the Gem.home. # # Gem::Installer does the work of putting files in all the right places on the # filesystem including unpacking the gem into its gem dir, installing the # gemspec in the specifications dir, storing the cached gem in the cache dir, # and installing either wrappers or symlinks for executables. # # The installer invokes pre and post install hooks. Hooks can be added either # through a rubygems_plugin.rb file in an installed gem or via a # rubygems/defaults/#{RUBY_ENGINE}.rb or rubygems/defaults/operating_system.rb # file. See Gem.pre_install and Gem.post_install for details. class Gem::Installer ## # Paths where env(1) might live. Some systems are broken and have it in # /bin ENV_PATHS = %w[/usr/bin/env /bin/env] ## # Deprecated in favor of Gem::Ext::BuildError ExtensionBuildError = Gem::Ext::BuildError # :nodoc: include Gem::UserInteraction ## # Filename of the gem being installed. attr_reader :gem ## # The directory a gem's executables will be installed into attr_reader :bin_dir attr_reader :build_root # :nodoc: ## # The gem repository the gem will be installed into attr_reader :gem_home ## # The options passed when the Gem::Installer was instantiated. attr_reader :options @path_warning = false @install_lock = Mutex.new class << self ## # True if we've warned about PATH not including Gem.bindir attr_accessor :path_warning ## # Certain aspects of the install process are not thread-safe. This lock is # used to allow multiple threads to install Gems at the same time. attr_reader :install_lock ## # Overrides the executable format. # # This is a sprintf format with a "%s" which will be replaced with the # executable name. It is based off the ruby executable name's difference # from "ruby". attr_writer :exec_format # Defaults to use Ruby's program prefix and suffix. def exec_format @exec_format \|\|= Gem.default_exec_format end end ## # Construct an installer object for the gem file located at +path+ def self.at path, options = {} security_policy = options[:security_policy] package = Gem::Package.new path, security_policy new package, options end class FakePackage attr_accessor :spec def initialize(spec) @spec = spec end def extract_files destination_dir, pattern = '' FileUtils.mkdir_p destination_dir spec.files.each do \|file\| file = File.join destination_dir, file next if File.exist? file FileUtils.mkdir_p File.dirname(file) File.open file, 'w' do \|fp\| fp.puts "# #{file}" end end end def copy_to path end end ## # Construct an installer object for an ephemeral gem (one where we don't # actually have a .gem file, just a spec) def self.for_spec spec, options = {} # FIXME: we should have a real Package class for this new FakePackage.new(spec), options end ## # Constructs an Installer instance that will install the gem at +package+ which # can either be a path or an instance of Gem::Package. +options+ is a Hash # with the following keys: # # :bin_dir:: Where to put a bin wrapper if needed. # :development:: Whether or not development dependencies should be installed. # :env_shebang:: Use /usr/bin/env in bin wrappers. # :force:: Overrides all version checks and security policy checks, except # for a signed-gems-only policy. # :format_executable:: Format the executable the same as the Ruby executable. # If your Ruby is ruby18, foo_exec will be installed as # foo_exec18. # :ignore_dependencies:: Don't raise if a dependency is missing. # :install_dir:: The directory to install the gem into. # :security_policy:: Use the specified security policy. See Gem::Security # :user_install:: Indicate that the gem should be unpacked into the users # personal gem directory. # :only_install_dir:: Only validate dependencies against what is in the # install_dir # :wrappers:: Install wrappers if true, symlinks if false. # :build_args:: An Array of arguments to pass to the extension builder # process. If not set, then Gem::Command.build_args is used # :post_install_message:: Print gem post install message if true def initialize(package, options={}) require 'fileutils' @options = options if package.is_a? String security_policy = options[:security_policy] @package = Gem::Package.new package, security_policy if $VERBOSE warn "constructing an Installer object with a string is deprecated. Please use Gem::Installer.at (called from: #{caller.first})" end else @package = package end process_options if options[:user_install] and not options[:unpack] then @gem_home = Gem.user_dir @bin_dir = Gem.bindir gem_home unless options[:bin_dir] check_that_user_bin_dir_is_in_path end end ## # Checks if +filename+ exists in +@bin_dir+. # # If +@force+ is set +filename+ is overwritten. # # If +filename+ exists and is a RubyGems wrapper for different gem the user # is consulted. # # If +filename+ exists and +@bin_dir+ is Gem.default_bindir (/usr/local) the # user is consulted. # # Otherwise +filename+ is overwritten. def check_executable_overwrite filename # :nodoc: return if @force generated_bin = File.join @bin_dir, formatted_program_filename(filename) return unless File.exist? generated_bin ruby_executable = false existing = nil File.open generated_bin, 'rb' do \|io\| next unless io.gets =~ /^#!/ # shebang io.gets # blankline # TODO detect a specially formatted comment instead of trying # to run a regexp against Ruby code. next unless io.gets =~ /This file was generated by RubyGems/ ruby_executable = true existing = io.read.slice(%r{ ^\s( gem \s \| load \s Gem\.bin_path\( \| load \s Gem\.activate_bin_path\( ) (['"])(.?)(\2), }x, 3) end return if spec.name == existing # somebody has written to RubyGems' directory, overwrite, too bad return if Gem.default_bindir != @bin_dir and not ruby_executable question = "#{spec.name}'s executable \"#{filename}\" conflicts with ".dup if ruby_executable then question << (existing \|\| 'an unknown executable') return if ask_yes_no "#{question}\nOverwrite the executable?", false conflict = "installed executable from #{existing}" else question << generated_bin return if ask_yes_no "#{question}\nOverwrite the executable?", false conflict = generated_bin end raise Gem::InstallError, "\"#{filename}\" from #{spec.name} conflicts with #{conflict}" end ## # Lazy accessor for the spec's gem directory. def gem_dir @gem_dir \|\|= File.join(gem_home, "gems", spec.full_name) end ## # Lazy accessor for the installer's spec. def spec @package.spec rescue Gem::Package::Error => e raise Gem::InstallError, "invalid gem: #{e.message}" end ## # Installs the gem and returns a loaded Gem::Specification for the installed # gem. # # The gem will be installed with the following structure: # # @gem_home/ # cache/<gem-version>.gem #=> a cached copy of the installed gem # gems/<gem-version>/... #=> extracted files # specifications/<gem-version>.gemspec #=> the Gem::Specification def install pre_install_checks FileUtils.rm_f File.join gem_home, 'specifications', spec.spec_name run_pre_install_hooks # Set loaded_from to ensure extension_dir is correct if @options[:install_as_default] then spec.loaded_from = default_spec_file else spec.loaded_from = spec_file end # Completely remove any previous gem files FileUtils.rm_rf gem_dir FileUtils.rm_rf spec.extension_dir FileUtils.mkdir_p gem_dir if @options[:install_as_default] then extract_bin write_default_spec else extract_files build_extensions write_build_info_file run_post_build_hooks generate_bin write_spec write_cache_file end say spec.post_install_message if options[:post_install_message] && !spec.post_install_message.nil? Gem::Installer.install_lock.synchronize { Gem::Specification.reset } run_post_install_hooks spec # TODO This rescue is in the wrong place. What is raising this exception? # move this rescue to around the code that actually might raise it. rescue Zlib::GzipFile::Error raise Gem::InstallError, "gzip error installing #{gem}" end def run_pre_install_hooks # :nodoc: Gem.pre_install_hooks.each do \|hook\| if hook.call(self) == false then location = " at #{$1}" if hook.inspect =~ /@(.:\d+)/ message = "pre-install hook#{location} failed for #{spec.full_name}" raise Gem::InstallError, message end end end def run_post_build_hooks # :nodoc: Gem.post_build_hooks.each do \|hook\| if hook.call(self) == false then FileUtils.rm_rf gem_dir location = " at #{$1}" if hook.inspect =~ /@(.:\d+)/ message = "post-build hook#{location} failed for #{spec.full_name}" raise Gem::InstallError, message end end end def run_post_install_hooks # :nodoc: Gem.post_install_hooks.each do \|hook\| hook.call self end end ## # # Return an Array of Specifications contained within the gem_home # we'll be installing into. def installed_specs @specs \|\|= begin specs = [] Dir[File.join(gem_home, "specifications", ".gemspec")].each do \|path\| spec = Gem::Specification.load path.untaint specs << spec if spec end specs end end ## # Ensure that the dependency is satisfied by the current installation of # gem. If it is not an exception is raised. # # spec :: Gem::Specification # dependency :: Gem::Dependency def ensure_dependency(spec, dependency) unless installation_satisfies_dependency? dependency then raise Gem::InstallError, "#{spec.name} requires #{dependency}" end true end ## # True if the gems in the system satisfy +dependency+. def installation_satisfies_dependency?(dependency) return true if @options[:development] and dependency.type == :development return true if installed_specs.detect { \|s\| dependency.matches_spec? s } return false if @only_install_dir not dependency.matching_specs.empty? end ## # Unpacks the gem into the given directory. def unpack(directory) @gem_dir = directory extract_files end ## # The location of the spec file that is installed. # def spec_file File.join gem_home, "specifications", "#{spec.full_name}.gemspec" end ## # The location of the default spec file for default gems. # def default_spec_file File.join Gem::Specification.default_specifications_dir, "#{spec.full_name}.gemspec" end ## # Writes the .gemspec specification (in Ruby) to the gem home's # specifications directory. def write_spec File.open spec_file, 'w' do \|file\| spec.installed_by_version = Gem.rubygems_version file.puts spec.to_ruby_for_cache file.fsync rescue nil # for filesystems without fsync(2) end end ## # Writes the full .gemspec specification (in Ruby) to the gem home's # specifications/default directory. def write_default_spec File.open(default_spec_file, "w") do \|file\| file.puts spec.to_ruby end end ## # Creates windows .bat files for easy running of commands def generate_windows_script(filename, bindir) if Gem.win_platform? then script_name = filename + ".bat" script_path = File.join bindir, File.basename(script_name) File.open script_path, 'w' do \|file\| file.puts windows_stub_script(bindir, filename) end verbose script_path end end def generate_bin # :nodoc: return if spec.executables.nil? or spec.executables.empty? begin Dir.mkdir @bin_dir rescue SystemCallError raise unless File.directory? @bin_dir end raise Gem::FilePermissionError.new(@bin_dir) unless File.writable? @bin_dir spec.executables.each do \|filename\| filename.untaint bin_path = File.join gem_dir, spec.bindir, filename unless File.exist? bin_path then # TODO change this to a more useful warning warn "`#{bin_path}` does not exist, maybe `gem pristine #{spec.name}` will fix it?" next end mode = File.stat(bin_path).mode FileUtils.chmod mode \| 0111, bin_path unless (mode \| 0111) == mode check_executable_overwrite filename if @wrappers then generate_bin_script filename, @bin_dir else generate_bin_symlink filename, @bin_dir end end end ## # Creates the scripts to run the applications in the gem. #-- # The Windows script is generated in addition to the regular one due to a # bug or misfeature in the Windows shell's pipe. See # http://blade.nagaokaut.ac.jp/cgi-bin/scat.rb/ruby/ruby-talk/193379 def generate_bin_script(filename, bindir) bin_script_path = File.join bindir, formatted_program_filename(filename) FileUtils.rm_f bin_script_path # prior install may have been --no-wrappers File.open bin_script_path, 'wb', 0755 do \|file\| file.print app_script_text(filename) end verbose bin_script_path generate_windows_script filename, bindir end ## # Creates the symlinks to run the applications in the gem. Moves # the symlink if the gem being installed has a newer version. def generate_bin_symlink(filename, bindir) src = File.join gem_dir, spec.bindir, filename dst = File.join bindir, formatted_program_filename(filename) if File.exist? dst then if File.symlink? dst then link = File.readlink(dst).split File::SEPARATOR cur_version = Gem::Version.create(link[-3].sub(/^.-/, '')) return if spec.version < cur_version end File.unlink dst end FileUtils.symlink src, dst, :verbose => Gem.configuration.really_verbose rescue NotImplementedError, SystemCallError alert_warning "Unable to use symlinks, installing wrapper" generate_bin_script filename, bindir end ## # Generates a #! line for +bin_file_name+'s wrapper copying arguments if # necessary. # # If the :custom_shebang config is set, then it is used as a template # for how to create the shebang used for to run a gem's executables. # # The template supports 4 expansions: # # $env the path to the unix env utility # $ruby the path to the currently running ruby interpreter # $exec the path to the gem's executable # $name the name of the gem the executable is for # def shebang(bin_file_name) ruby_name = RbConfig::CONFIG['ruby_install_name'] if @env_shebang path = File.join gem_dir, spec.bindir, bin_file_name first_line = File.open(path, "rb") {\|file\| file.gets} if /\A#!/ =~ first_line then # Preserve extra words on shebang line, like "-w". Thanks RPA. shebang = first_line.sub(/\A\#!.?ruby\S((\s+\S+)+)/, "#!#{Gem.ruby}") opts = $1 shebang.strip! # Avoid nasty ^M issues. end if which = Gem.configuration[:custom_shebang] # replace bin_file_name with "ruby" to avoid endless loops which = which.gsub(/ #{bin_file_name}$/," #{RbConfig::CONFIG['ruby_install_name']}") which = which.gsub(/\$(\w+)/) do case $1 when "env" @env_path \|\|= ENV_PATHS.find {\|env_path\| File.executable? env_path } when "ruby" "#{Gem.ruby}#{opts}" when "exec" bin_file_name when "name" spec.name end end "#!#{which}" elsif not ruby_name then "#!#{Gem.ruby}#{opts}" elsif opts then "#!/bin/sh\n'exec' #{ruby_name.dump} '-x' \"$0\" \"$@\"\n#{shebang}" else # Create a plain shebang line. @env_path \|\|= ENV_PATHS.find {\|env_path\| File.executable? env_path } "#!#{@env_path} #{ruby_name}" end end ## # Ensures the Gem::Specification written out for this gem is loadable upon # installation. def ensure_loadable_spec ruby = spec.to_ruby_for_cache ruby.untaint begin eval ruby rescue StandardError, SyntaxError => e raise Gem::InstallError, "The specification for #{spec.full_name} is corrupt (#{e.class})" end end def ensure_required_ruby_version_met # :nodoc: if rrv = spec.required_ruby_version then unless rrv.satisfied_by? Gem.ruby_version then ruby_version = Gem.ruby_api_version raise Gem::RuntimeRequirementNotMetError, "#{spec.name} requires Ruby version #{rrv}. The current ruby version is #{ruby_version}." end end end def ensure_required_rubygems_version_met # :nodoc: if rrgv = spec.required_rubygems_version then unless rrgv.satisfied_by? Gem.rubygems_version then rg_version = Gem::VERSION raise Gem::RuntimeRequirementNotMetError, "#{spec.name} requires RubyGems version #{rrgv}. The current RubyGems version is #{rg_version}. " + "Try 'gem update --system' to update RubyGems itself." end end end def ensure_dependencies_met # :nodoc: deps = spec.runtime_dependencies deps \|= spec.development_dependencies if @development deps.each do \|dep_gem\| ensure_dependency spec, dep_gem end end def process_options # :nodoc: @options = { :bin_dir => nil, :env_shebang => false, :force => false, :only_install_dir => false, :post_install_message => true }.merge options @env_shebang = options[:env_shebang] @force = options[:force] @install_dir = options[:install_dir] @gem_home = options[:install_dir] \|\| Gem.dir @ignore_dependencies = options[:ignore_dependencies] @format_executable = options[:format_executable] @wrappers = options[:wrappers] @only_install_dir = options[:only_install_dir] # If the user has asked for the gem to be installed in a directory that is # the system gem directory, then use the system bin directory, else create # (or use) a new bin dir under the gem_home. @bin_dir = options[:bin_dir] \|\| Gem.bindir(gem_home) @development = options[:development] @build_root = options[:build_root] @build_args = options[:build_args] \|\| Gem::Command.build_args unless @build_root.nil? require 'pathname' @build_root = Pathname.new(@build_root).expand_path @bin_dir = File.join(@build_root, options[:bin_dir] \|\| Gem.bindir(@gem_home)) @gem_home = File.join(@build_root, @gem_home) alert_warning "You build with buildroot.\n Build root: #{@build_root}\n Bin dir: #{@bin_dir}\n Gem home: #{@gem_home}" end end def check_that_user_bin_dir_is_in_path # :nodoc: user_bin_dir = @bin_dir \|\| Gem.bindir(gem_home) user_bin_dir = user_bin_dir.gsub(File::SEPARATOR, File::ALT_SEPARATOR) if File::ALT_SEPARATOR path = ENV['PATH'] if Gem.win_platform? then path = path.downcase user_bin_dir = user_bin_dir.downcase end path = path.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR) unless path.include? user_bin_dir then unless !Gem.win_platform? && (path.include? user_bin_dir.sub(ENV['HOME'], '~')) unless self.class.path_warning then alert_warning "You don't have #{user_bin_dir} in your PATH,\n\t gem executables will not run." self.class.path_warning = true end end end end def verify_gem_home(unpack = false) # :nodoc: FileUtils.mkdir_p gem_home raise Gem::FilePermissionError, gem_home unless unpack or File.writable?(gem_home) end def verify_spec unless spec.name =~ Gem::Specification::VALID_NAME_PATTERN raise Gem::InstallError, "#{spec} has an invalid name" end if spec.raw_require_paths.any?{\|path\| path =~ /\r\n\|\r\|\n/ } raise Gem::InstallError, "#{spec} has an invalid require_paths" end if spec.extensions.any?{\|ext\| ext =~ /\r\n\|\r\|\n/ } raise Gem::InstallError, "#{spec} has an invalid extensions" end unless spec.specification_version.to_s =~ /\A\d+\z/ raise Gem::InstallError, "#{spec} has an invalid specification_version" end if spec.dependencies.any? {\|dep\| dep.type =~ /\r\n\|\r\|\n/ \|\| dep.name =~ /\r\n\|\r\|\n/ } raise Gem::InstallError, "#{spec} has an invalid dependencies" end end ## # Return the text for an application file. def app_script_text(bin_file_name) # note that the `load` lines cannot be indented, as old RG versions match # against the beginning of the line return <<-TEXT #{shebang bin_file_name} # # This file was generated by RubyGems. # # The application '#{spec.name}' is installed as part of a gem, and # this file is here to facilitate running it. # require 'rubygems' version = "#{Gem::Requirement.default}.a" if ARGV.first str = ARGV.first str = str.dup.force_encoding("BINARY") if str.respond_to? :force_encoding if str =~ /\\A_(.)_\\z/ and Gem::Version.correct?($1) then version = $1 ARGV.shift end end if Gem.respond_to?(:activate_bin_path) load Gem.activate_bin_path('#{spec.name}', '#{bin_file_name}', version) else gem #{spec.name.dump}, version load Gem.bin_path(#{spec.name.dump}, #{bin_file_name.dump}, version) end TEXT end ## # return the stub script text used to launch the true Ruby script def windows_stub_script(bindir, bin_file_name) ruby = Gem.ruby.gsub(/^\"\|\"$/, "").tr(File::SEPARATOR, "\\") return <<-TEXT @ECHO OFF IF NOT "%~f0" == "~f0" GOTO :WinNT @"#{ruby}" "#{File.join(bindir, bin_file_name)}" %1 %2 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9 GOTO :EOF :WinNT @"#{ruby}" "%~dpn0" %* TEXT end ## # Builds extensions. Valid types of extensions are extconf.rb files, # configure scripts and rakefiles or mkrf_conf files. def build_extensions builder = Gem::Ext::Builder.new spec, @build_args builder.build_extensions end ## # Logs the build +output+ in +build_dir+, then raises Gem::Ext::BuildError. # # TODO: Delete this for RubyGems 3. It remains for API compatibility def extension_build_error(build_dir, output, backtrace = nil) # :nodoc: builder = Gem::Ext::Builder.new spec, @build_args builder.build_error build_dir, output, backtrace end ## # Reads the file index and extracts each file into the gem directory. # # Ensures that files can't be installed outside the gem directory. def extract_files @package.extract_files gem_dir end ## # Extracts only the bin/ files from the gem into the gem directory. # This is used by default gems to allow a gem-aware stub to function # without the full gem installed. def extract_bin @package.extract_files gem_dir, "bin/*" end ## # Prefix and suffix the program filename the same as ruby. def formatted_program_filename(filename) if @format_executable then self.class.exec_format % File.basename(filename) else filename end end ## # # Return the target directory where the gem is to be installed. This # directory is not guaranteed to be populated. # def dir gem_dir.to_s end ## # Performs various checks before installing the gem such as the install # repository is writable and its directories exist, required Ruby and # rubygems versions are met and that dependencies are installed. # # Version and dependency checks are skipped if this install is forced. # # The dependent check will be skipped if the install is ignoring dependencies. def pre_install_checks verify_gem_home options[:unpack] # The name and require_paths must be verified first, since it could contain # ruby code that would be eval'ed in #ensure_loadable_spec verify_spec ensure_loadable_spec if options[:install_as_default] Gem.ensure_default_gem_subdirectories gem_home else Gem.ensure_gem_subdirectories gem_home end return true if @force ensure_required_ruby_version_met ensure_required_rubygems_version_met ensure_dependencies_met unless @ignore_dependencies true end ## # Writes the file containing the arguments for building this gem's # extensions. def write_build_info_file return if @build_args.empty? build_info_dir = File.join gem_home, 'build_info' FileUtils.mkdir_p build_info_dir build_info_file = File.join build_info_dir, "#{spec.full_name}.info" File.open build_info_file, 'w' do \|io\| @build_args.each do \|arg\| io.puts arg end end end ## # Writes the .gem file to the cache directory def write_cache_file cache_file = File.join gem_home, 'cache', spec.file_name @package.copy_to cache_file end end Back

Edit File : installer.rb | Size : 25.11 KB

# frozen_string_literal: true
#--
# Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
# All rights reserved.
# See LICENSE.txt for permissions.
#++

require 'rubygems/command'
require 'rubygems/exceptions'
require 'rubygems/package'
require 'rubygems/ext'
require 'rubygems/user_interaction'
require 'fileutils'

##
# The installer installs the files contained in the .gem into the Gem.home.
#
# Gem::Installer does the work of putting files in all the right places on the
# filesystem including unpacking the gem into its gem dir, installing the
# gemspec in the specifications dir, storing the cached gem in the cache dir,
# and installing either wrappers or symlinks for executables.
#
# The installer invokes pre and post install hooks.  Hooks can be added either
# through a rubygems_plugin.rb file in an installed gem or via a
# rubygems/defaults/#{RUBY_ENGINE}.rb or rubygems/defaults/operating_system.rb
# file.  See Gem.pre_install and Gem.post_install for details.

class Gem::Installer

##
  # Paths where env(1) might live.  Some systems are broken and have it in
  # /bin

ENV_PATHS = %w[/usr/bin/env /bin/env]

##
  # Deprecated in favor of Gem::Ext::BuildError

ExtensionBuildError = Gem::Ext::BuildError # :nodoc:

include Gem::UserInteraction

##
  # Filename of the gem being installed.

attr_reader :gem

##
  # The directory a gem's executables will be installed into

attr_reader :bin_dir

attr_reader :build_root # :nodoc:

##
  # The gem repository the gem will be installed into

attr_reader :gem_home

##
  # The options passed when the Gem::Installer was instantiated.

attr_reader :options

@path_warning = false

@install_lock = Mutex.new

class << self

##
    # True if we've warned about PATH not including Gem.bindir

attr_accessor :path_warning

##
    # Certain aspects of the install process are not thread-safe. This lock is
    # used to allow multiple threads to install Gems at the same time.

attr_reader :install_lock

##
    # Overrides the executable format.
    #
    # This is a sprintf format with a "%s" which will be replaced with the
    # executable name.  It is based off the ruby executable name's difference
    # from "ruby".

attr_writer :exec_format

# Defaults to use Ruby's program prefix and suffix.
    def exec_format
      @exec_format ||= Gem.default_exec_format
    end

end

##
  # Construct an installer object for the gem file located at +path+

def self.at path, options = {}
    security_policy = options[:security_policy]
    package = Gem::Package.new path, security_policy
    new package, options
  end

class FakePackage
    attr_accessor :spec

def initialize(spec)
      @spec = spec
    end

def extract_files destination_dir, pattern = '*'
      FileUtils.mkdir_p destination_dir

spec.files.each do |file|
        file = File.join destination_dir, file
        next if File.exist? file
        FileUtils.mkdir_p File.dirname(file)
        File.open file, 'w' do |fp| fp.puts "# #{file}" end
      end
    end

def copy_to path
    end
  end

##
  # Construct an installer object for an ephemeral gem (one where we don't
  # actually have a .gem file, just a spec)

def self.for_spec spec, options = {}
    # FIXME: we should have a real Package class for this
    new FakePackage.new(spec), options
  end

##
  # Constructs an Installer instance that will install the gem at +package+ which
  # can either be a path or an instance of Gem::Package.  +options+ is a Hash
  # with the following keys:
  #
  # :bin_dir:: Where to put a bin wrapper if needed.
  # :development:: Whether or not development dependencies should be installed.
  # :env_shebang:: Use /usr/bin/env in bin wrappers.
  # :force:: Overrides all version checks and security policy checks, except
  #          for a signed-gems-only policy.
  # :format_executable:: Format the executable the same as the Ruby executable.
  #                      If your Ruby is ruby18, foo_exec will be installed as
  #                      foo_exec18.
  # :ignore_dependencies:: Don't raise if a dependency is missing.
  # :install_dir:: The directory to install the gem into.
  # :security_policy:: Use the specified security policy.  See Gem::Security
  # :user_install:: Indicate that the gem should be unpacked into the users
  #                 personal gem directory.
  # :only_install_dir:: Only validate dependencies against what is in the
  #                     install_dir
  # :wrappers:: Install wrappers if true, symlinks if false.
  # :build_args:: An Array of arguments to pass to the extension builder
  #               process. If not set, then Gem::Command.build_args is used
  # :post_install_message:: Print gem post install message if true

def initialize(package, options={})
    require 'fileutils'

@options = options
    if package.is_a? String
      security_policy = options[:security_policy]
      @package = Gem::Package.new package, security_policy
      if $VERBOSE
        warn "constructing an Installer object with a string is deprecated. Please use Gem::Installer.at (called from: #{caller.first})"
      end
    else
      @package = package
    end

process_options

if options[:user_install] and not options[:unpack] then
      @gem_home = Gem.user_dir
      @bin_dir = Gem.bindir gem_home unless options[:bin_dir]
      check_that_user_bin_dir_is_in_path
    end
  end

##
  # Checks if +filename+ exists in +@bin_dir+.
  #
  # If +@force+ is set +filename+ is overwritten.
  #
  # If +filename+ exists and is a RubyGems wrapper for different gem the user
  # is consulted.
  #
  # If +filename+ exists and +@bin_dir+ is Gem.default_bindir (/usr/local) the
  # user is consulted.
  #
  # Otherwise +filename+ is overwritten.

def check_executable_overwrite filename # :nodoc:
    return if @force

generated_bin = File.join @bin_dir, formatted_program_filename(filename)

return unless File.exist? generated_bin

ruby_executable = false
    existing = nil

File.open generated_bin, 'rb' do |io|
      next unless io.gets =~ /^#!/ # shebang
      io.gets # blankline

# TODO detect a specially formatted comment instead of trying
      # to run a regexp against Ruby code.
      next unless io.gets =~ /This file was generated by RubyGems/

ruby_executable = true
      existing = io.read.slice(%r{
          ^\s*(
            gem \s |
            load \s Gem\.bin_path\( |
            load \s Gem\.activate_bin_path\(
          )
          (['"])(.*?)(\2),
        }x, 3)
    end

return if spec.name == existing

# somebody has written to RubyGems' directory, overwrite, too bad
    return if Gem.default_bindir != @bin_dir and not ruby_executable

question = "#{spec.name}'s executable \"#{filename}\" conflicts with ".dup

if ruby_executable then
      question << (existing || 'an unknown executable')

return if ask_yes_no "#{question}\nOverwrite the executable?", false

conflict = "installed executable from #{existing}"
    else
      question << generated_bin

return if ask_yes_no "#{question}\nOverwrite the executable?", false

conflict = generated_bin
    end

raise Gem::InstallError,
      "\"#{filename}\" from #{spec.name} conflicts with #{conflict}"
  end

##
  # Lazy accessor for the spec's gem directory.

def gem_dir
    @gem_dir ||= File.join(gem_home, "gems", spec.full_name)
  end

##
  # Lazy accessor for the installer's spec.

def spec
    @package.spec
  rescue Gem::Package::Error => e
    raise Gem::InstallError, "invalid gem: #{e.message}"
  end

##
  # Installs the gem and returns a loaded Gem::Specification for the installed
  # gem.
  #
  # The gem will be installed with the following structure:
  #
  #   @gem_home/
  #     cache/<gem-version>.gem #=> a cached copy of the installed gem
  #     gems/<gem-version>/... #=> extracted files
  #     specifications/<gem-version>.gemspec #=> the Gem::Specification

def install
    pre_install_checks

FileUtils.rm_f File.join gem_home, 'specifications', spec.spec_name

run_pre_install_hooks

# Set loaded_from to ensure extension_dir is correct
    if @options[:install_as_default] then
      spec.loaded_from = default_spec_file
    else
      spec.loaded_from = spec_file
    end

# Completely remove any previous gem files
    FileUtils.rm_rf gem_dir
    FileUtils.rm_rf spec.extension_dir

FileUtils.mkdir_p gem_dir

if @options[:install_as_default] then
      extract_bin
      write_default_spec
    else
      extract_files

build_extensions
      write_build_info_file
      run_post_build_hooks

generate_bin
      write_spec
      write_cache_file
    end

say spec.post_install_message if options[:post_install_message] && !spec.post_install_message.nil?

Gem::Installer.install_lock.synchronize { Gem::Specification.reset }

run_post_install_hooks

spec

# TODO This rescue is in the wrong place. What is raising this exception?
  # move this rescue to around the code that actually might raise it.
  rescue Zlib::GzipFile::Error
    raise Gem::InstallError, "gzip error installing #{gem}"
  end

def run_pre_install_hooks # :nodoc:
    Gem.pre_install_hooks.each do |hook|
      if hook.call(self) == false then
        location = " at #{$1}" if hook.inspect =~ /@(.*:\d+)/

message = "pre-install hook#{location} failed for #{spec.full_name}"
        raise Gem::InstallError, message
      end
    end
  end

def run_post_build_hooks # :nodoc:
    Gem.post_build_hooks.each do |hook|
      if hook.call(self) == false then
        FileUtils.rm_rf gem_dir

location = " at #{$1}" if hook.inspect =~ /@(.*:\d+)/

message = "post-build hook#{location} failed for #{spec.full_name}"
        raise Gem::InstallError, message
      end
    end
  end

def run_post_install_hooks # :nodoc:
    Gem.post_install_hooks.each do |hook|
      hook.call self
    end
  end

##
  #
  # Return an Array of Specifications contained within the gem_home
  # we'll be installing into.

def installed_specs
    @specs ||= begin
      specs = []

Dir[File.join(gem_home, "specifications", "*.gemspec")].each do |path|
        spec = Gem::Specification.load path.untaint
        specs << spec if spec
      end

specs
    end
  end

##
  # Ensure that the dependency is satisfied by the current installation of
  # gem.  If it is not an exception is raised.
  #
  # spec       :: Gem::Specification
  # dependency :: Gem::Dependency

def ensure_dependency(spec, dependency)
    unless installation_satisfies_dependency? dependency then
      raise Gem::InstallError, "#{spec.name} requires #{dependency}"
    end
    true
  end

##
  # True if the gems in the system satisfy +dependency+.

def installation_satisfies_dependency?(dependency)
    return true if @options[:development] and dependency.type == :development
    return true if installed_specs.detect { |s| dependency.matches_spec? s }
    return false if @only_install_dir
    not dependency.matching_specs.empty?
  end

##
  # Unpacks the gem into the given directory.

def unpack(directory)
    @gem_dir = directory
    extract_files
  end

##
  # The location of the spec file that is installed.
  #

def spec_file
    File.join gem_home, "specifications", "#{spec.full_name}.gemspec"
  end

##
  # The location of the default spec file for default gems.
  #

def default_spec_file
    File.join Gem::Specification.default_specifications_dir, "#{spec.full_name}.gemspec"
  end

##
  # Writes the .gemspec specification (in Ruby) to the gem home's
  # specifications directory.

def write_spec
    File.open spec_file, 'w' do |file|
      spec.installed_by_version = Gem.rubygems_version

file.puts spec.to_ruby_for_cache

file.fsync rescue nil # for filesystems without fsync(2)
    end
  end

##
  # Writes the full .gemspec specification (in Ruby) to the gem home's
  # specifications/default directory.

def write_default_spec
    File.open(default_spec_file, "w") do |file|
      file.puts spec.to_ruby
    end
  end

##
  # Creates windows .bat files for easy running of commands

def generate_windows_script(filename, bindir)
    if Gem.win_platform? then
      script_name = filename + ".bat"
      script_path = File.join bindir, File.basename(script_name)
      File.open script_path, 'w' do |file|
        file.puts windows_stub_script(bindir, filename)
      end

verbose script_path
    end
  end

def generate_bin # :nodoc:
    return if spec.executables.nil? or spec.executables.empty?

begin
      Dir.mkdir @bin_dir
    rescue SystemCallError
      raise unless File.directory? @bin_dir
    end

raise Gem::FilePermissionError.new(@bin_dir) unless File.writable? @bin_dir

spec.executables.each do |filename|
      filename.untaint
      bin_path = File.join gem_dir, spec.bindir, filename

unless File.exist? bin_path then
        # TODO change this to a more useful warning
        warn "`#{bin_path}` does not exist, maybe `gem pristine #{spec.name}` will fix it?"
        next
      end

mode = File.stat(bin_path).mode
      FileUtils.chmod mode | 0111, bin_path unless (mode | 0111) == mode

check_executable_overwrite filename

if @wrappers then
        generate_bin_script filename, @bin_dir
      else
        generate_bin_symlink filename, @bin_dir
      end

end
  end

##
  # Creates the scripts to run the applications in the gem.
  #--
  # The Windows script is generated in addition to the regular one due to a
  # bug or misfeature in the Windows shell's pipe.  See
  # http://blade.nagaokaut.ac.jp/cgi-bin/scat.rb/ruby/ruby-talk/193379

def generate_bin_script(filename, bindir)
    bin_script_path = File.join bindir, formatted_program_filename(filename)

FileUtils.rm_f bin_script_path # prior install may have been --no-wrappers

File.open bin_script_path, 'wb', 0755 do |file|
      file.print app_script_text(filename)
    end

verbose bin_script_path

generate_windows_script filename, bindir
  end

##
  # Creates the symlinks to run the applications in the gem.  Moves
  # the symlink if the gem being installed has a newer version.

def generate_bin_symlink(filename, bindir)
    src = File.join gem_dir, spec.bindir, filename
    dst = File.join bindir, formatted_program_filename(filename)

if File.exist? dst then
      if File.symlink? dst then
        link = File.readlink(dst).split File::SEPARATOR
        cur_version = Gem::Version.create(link[-3].sub(/^.*-/, ''))
        return if spec.version < cur_version
      end
      File.unlink dst
    end

FileUtils.symlink src, dst, :verbose => Gem.configuration.really_verbose
  rescue NotImplementedError, SystemCallError
    alert_warning "Unable to use symlinks, installing wrapper"
    generate_bin_script filename, bindir
  end

##
  # Generates a #! line for +bin_file_name+'s wrapper copying arguments if
  # necessary.
  #
  # If the :custom_shebang config is set, then it is used as a template
  # for how to create the shebang used for to run a gem's executables.
  #
  # The template supports 4 expansions:
  #
  #  $env    the path to the unix env utility
  #  $ruby   the path to the currently running ruby interpreter
  #  $exec   the path to the gem's executable
  #  $name   the name of the gem the executable is for
  #

def shebang(bin_file_name)
    ruby_name = RbConfig::CONFIG['ruby_install_name'] if @env_shebang
    path = File.join gem_dir, spec.bindir, bin_file_name
    first_line = File.open(path, "rb") {|file| file.gets}

if /\A#!/ =~ first_line then
      # Preserve extra words on shebang line, like "-w".  Thanks RPA.
      shebang = first_line.sub(/\A\#!.*?ruby\S*((\s+\S+)+)/, "#!#{Gem.ruby}")
      opts = $1
      shebang.strip! # Avoid nasty ^M issues.
    end

if which = Gem.configuration[:custom_shebang]
      # replace bin_file_name with "ruby" to avoid endless loops
      which = which.gsub(/ #{bin_file_name}$/," #{RbConfig::CONFIG['ruby_install_name']}")

which = which.gsub(/\$(\w+)/) do
        case $1
        when "env"
          @env_path ||= ENV_PATHS.find {|env_path| File.executable? env_path }
        when "ruby"
          "#{Gem.ruby}#{opts}"
        when "exec"
          bin_file_name
        when "name"
          spec.name
        end
      end

"#!#{which}"
    elsif not ruby_name then
      "#!#{Gem.ruby}#{opts}"
    elsif opts then
      "#!/bin/sh\n'exec' #{ruby_name.dump} '-x' \"$0\" \"$@\"\n#{shebang}"
    else
      # Create a plain shebang line.
      @env_path ||= ENV_PATHS.find {|env_path| File.executable? env_path }
      "#!#{@env_path} #{ruby_name}"
    end
  end

##
  # Ensures the Gem::Specification written out for this gem is loadable upon
  # installation.

def ensure_loadable_spec
    ruby = spec.to_ruby_for_cache
    ruby.untaint

begin
      eval ruby
    rescue StandardError, SyntaxError => e
      raise Gem::InstallError,
            "The specification for #{spec.full_name} is corrupt (#{e.class})"
    end
  end

def ensure_required_ruby_version_met # :nodoc:
    if rrv = spec.required_ruby_version then
      unless rrv.satisfied_by? Gem.ruby_version then
        ruby_version = Gem.ruby_api_version
        raise Gem::RuntimeRequirementNotMetError,
          "#{spec.name} requires Ruby version #{rrv}. The current ruby version is #{ruby_version}."
      end
    end
  end

def ensure_required_rubygems_version_met # :nodoc:
    if rrgv = spec.required_rubygems_version then
      unless rrgv.satisfied_by? Gem.rubygems_version then
        rg_version = Gem::VERSION
        raise Gem::RuntimeRequirementNotMetError,
          "#{spec.name} requires RubyGems version #{rrgv}. The current RubyGems version is #{rg_version}. " +
          "Try 'gem update --system' to update RubyGems itself."
      end
    end
  end

def ensure_dependencies_met # :nodoc:
    deps = spec.runtime_dependencies
    deps |= spec.development_dependencies if @development

deps.each do |dep_gem|
      ensure_dependency spec, dep_gem
    end
  end

def process_options # :nodoc:
    @options = {
      :bin_dir      => nil,
      :env_shebang  => false,
      :force        => false,
      :only_install_dir => false,
      :post_install_message => true
    }.merge options

@env_shebang         = options[:env_shebang]
    @force               = options[:force]
    @install_dir         = options[:install_dir]
    @gem_home            = options[:install_dir] || Gem.dir
    @ignore_dependencies = options[:ignore_dependencies]
    @format_executable   = options[:format_executable]
    @wrappers            = options[:wrappers]
    @only_install_dir    = options[:only_install_dir]

# If the user has asked for the gem to be installed in a directory that is
    # the system gem directory, then use the system bin directory, else create
    # (or use) a new bin dir under the gem_home.
    @bin_dir             = options[:bin_dir] || Gem.bindir(gem_home)
    @development         = options[:development]
    @build_root          = options[:build_root]

@build_args          = options[:build_args] || Gem::Command.build_args

unless @build_root.nil?
      require 'pathname'
      @build_root = Pathname.new(@build_root).expand_path
      @bin_dir = File.join(@build_root, options[:bin_dir] || Gem.bindir(@gem_home))
      @gem_home = File.join(@build_root, @gem_home)
      alert_warning "You build with buildroot.\n  Build root: #{@build_root}\n  Bin dir: #{@bin_dir}\n  Gem home: #{@gem_home}"
    end
  end

def check_that_user_bin_dir_is_in_path # :nodoc:
    user_bin_dir = @bin_dir || Gem.bindir(gem_home)
    user_bin_dir = user_bin_dir.gsub(File::SEPARATOR, File::ALT_SEPARATOR) if
      File::ALT_SEPARATOR

path = ENV['PATH']
    if Gem.win_platform? then
      path = path.downcase
      user_bin_dir = user_bin_dir.downcase
    end

path = path.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)

unless path.include? user_bin_dir then
      unless !Gem.win_platform? && (path.include? user_bin_dir.sub(ENV['HOME'], '~'))
        unless self.class.path_warning then
          alert_warning "You don't have #{user_bin_dir} in your PATH,\n\t  gem executables will not run."
          self.class.path_warning = true
        end
      end
    end
  end

def verify_gem_home(unpack = false) # :nodoc:
    FileUtils.mkdir_p gem_home
    raise Gem::FilePermissionError, gem_home unless
      unpack or File.writable?(gem_home)
  end

def verify_spec
    unless spec.name =~ Gem::Specification::VALID_NAME_PATTERN
      raise Gem::InstallError, "#{spec} has an invalid name"
    end

if spec.raw_require_paths.any?{|path| path =~ /\r\n|\r|\n/ }
      raise Gem::InstallError, "#{spec} has an invalid require_paths"
    end

if spec.extensions.any?{|ext| ext =~ /\r\n|\r|\n/ }
      raise Gem::InstallError, "#{spec} has an invalid extensions"
    end

unless spec.specification_version.to_s =~ /\A\d+\z/
      raise Gem::InstallError, "#{spec} has an invalid specification_version"
    end

if spec.dependencies.any? {|dep| dep.type =~ /\r\n|\r|\n/ || dep.name =~ /\r\n|\r|\n/ }
      raise Gem::InstallError, "#{spec} has an invalid dependencies"
    end
  end

##
  # Return the text for an application file.

def app_script_text(bin_file_name)
    # note that the `load` lines cannot be indented, as old RG versions match
    # against the beginning of the line
    return <<-TEXT
#{shebang bin_file_name}
#
# This file was generated by RubyGems.
#
# The application '#{spec.name}' is installed as part of a gem, and
# this file is here to facilitate running it.
#

require 'rubygems'

version = "#{Gem::Requirement.default}.a"

if ARGV.first
  str = ARGV.first
  str = str.dup.force_encoding("BINARY") if str.respond_to? :force_encoding
  if str =~ /\\A_(.*)_\\z/ and Gem::Version.correct?($1) then
    version = $1
    ARGV.shift
  end
end

if Gem.respond_to?(:activate_bin_path)
load Gem.activate_bin_path('#{spec.name}', '#{bin_file_name}', version)
else
gem #{spec.name.dump}, version
load Gem.bin_path(#{spec.name.dump}, #{bin_file_name.dump}, version)
end
TEXT
  end

##
  # return the stub script text used to launch the true Ruby script

def windows_stub_script(bindir, bin_file_name)
    ruby = Gem.ruby.gsub(/^\"|\"$/, "").tr(File::SEPARATOR, "\\")
    return <<-TEXT
@ECHO OFF
IF NOT "%~f0" == "~f0" GOTO :WinNT
@"#{ruby}" "#{File.join(bindir, bin_file_name)}" %1 %2 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9
GOTO :EOF
:WinNT
@"#{ruby}" "%~dpn0" %*
TEXT
  end

##
  # Builds extensions.  Valid types of extensions are extconf.rb files,
  # configure scripts and rakefiles or mkrf_conf files.

def build_extensions
    builder = Gem::Ext::Builder.new spec, @build_args

builder.build_extensions
  end

##
  # Logs the build +output+ in +build_dir+, then raises Gem::Ext::BuildError.
  #
  # TODO:  Delete this for RubyGems 3.  It remains for API compatibility

def extension_build_error(build_dir, output, backtrace = nil) # :nodoc:
    builder = Gem::Ext::Builder.new spec, @build_args

builder.build_error build_dir, output, backtrace
  end

##
  # Reads the file index and extracts each file into the gem directory.
  #
  # Ensures that files can't be installed outside the gem directory.

def extract_files
    @package.extract_files gem_dir
  end

##
  # Extracts only the bin/ files from the gem into the gem directory.
  # This is used by default gems to allow a gem-aware stub to function
  # without the full gem installed.

def extract_bin
    @package.extract_files gem_dir, "bin/*"
  end

##
  # Prefix and suffix the program filename the same as ruby.

def formatted_program_filename(filename)
    if @format_executable then
      self.class.exec_format % File.basename(filename)
    else
      filename
    end
  end

##
  #
  # Return the target directory where the gem is to be installed. This
  # directory is not guaranteed to be populated.
  #

def dir
    gem_dir.to_s
  end

##
  # Performs various checks before installing the gem such as the install
  # repository is writable and its directories exist, required Ruby and
  # rubygems versions are met and that dependencies are installed.
  #
  # Version and dependency checks are skipped if this install is forced.
  #
  # The dependent check will be skipped if the install is ignoring dependencies.

def pre_install_checks
    verify_gem_home options[:unpack]

# The name and require_paths must be verified first, since it could contain
    # ruby code that would be eval'ed in #ensure_loadable_spec
    verify_spec

ensure_loadable_spec

if options[:install_as_default]
      Gem.ensure_default_gem_subdirectories gem_home
    else
      Gem.ensure_gem_subdirectories gem_home
    end

return true if @force

ensure_required_ruby_version_met
    ensure_required_rubygems_version_met
    ensure_dependencies_met unless @ignore_dependencies

true
  end

##
  # Writes the file containing the arguments for building this gem's
  # extensions.

def write_build_info_file
    return if @build_args.empty?

build_info_dir = File.join gem_home, 'build_info'

FileUtils.mkdir_p build_info_dir

build_info_file = File.join build_info_dir, "#{spec.full_name}.info"

File.open build_info_file, 'w' do |io|
      @build_args.each do |arg|
        io.puts arg
      end
    end
  end

##
  # Writes the .gem file to the cache directory

def write_cache_file
    cache_file = File.join gem_home, 'cache', spec.file_name
    @package.copy_to cache_file
  end

end

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