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Edit File : monitor.rb \| Size : 6.97 KB
# frozen_string_literal: false # = monitor.rb # # Copyright (C) 2001 Shugo Maeda <shugo@ruby-lang.org> # # This library is distributed under the terms of the Ruby license. # You can freely distribute/modify this library. # require 'monitor.so' # # In concurrent programming, a monitor is an object or module intended to be # used safely by more than one thread. The defining characteristic of a # monitor is that its methods are executed with mutual exclusion. That is, at # each point in time, at most one thread may be executing any of its methods. # This mutual exclusion greatly simplifies reasoning about the implementation # of monitors compared to reasoning about parallel code that updates a data # structure. # # You can read more about the general principles on the Wikipedia page for # Monitors[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor_%28synchronization%29]. # # == Examples # # === Simple object.extend # # require 'monitor.rb' # # buf = [] # buf.extend(MonitorMixin) # empty_cond = buf.new_cond # # # consumer # Thread.start do # loop do # buf.synchronize do # empty_cond.wait_while { buf.empty? } # print buf.shift # end # end # end # # # producer # while line = ARGF.gets # buf.synchronize do # buf.push(line) # empty_cond.signal # end # end # # The consumer thread waits for the producer thread to push a line to buf # while <tt>buf.empty?</tt>. The producer thread (main thread) reads a # line from ARGF and pushes it into buf then calls <tt>empty_cond.signal</tt> # to notify the consumer thread of new data. # # === Simple Class include # # require 'monitor' # # class SynchronizedArray < Array # # include MonitorMixin # # def initialize(args) # super(args) # end # # alias :old_shift :shift # alias :old_unshift :unshift # # def shift(n=1) # self.synchronize do # self.old_shift(n) # end # end # # def unshift(item) # self.synchronize do # self.old_unshift(item) # end # end # # # other methods ... # end # # +SynchronizedArray+ implements an Array with synchronized access to items. # This Class is implemented as subclass of Array which includes the # MonitorMixin module. # module MonitorMixin # # FIXME: This isn't documented in Nutshell. # # Since MonitorMixin.new_cond returns a ConditionVariable, and the example # above calls while_wait and signal, this class should be documented. # class ConditionVariable # # Releases the lock held in the associated monitor and waits; reacquires the lock on wakeup. # # If +timeout+ is given, this method returns after +timeout+ seconds passed, # even if no other thread doesn't signal. # def wait(timeout = nil) @monitor.mon_check_owner @monitor.wait_for_cond(@cond, timeout) end # # Calls wait repeatedly while the given block yields a truthy value. # def wait_while while yield wait end end # # Calls wait repeatedly until the given block yields a truthy value. # def wait_until until yield wait end end # # Wakes up the first thread in line waiting for this lock. # def signal @monitor.mon_check_owner @cond.signal end # # Wakes up all threads waiting for this lock. # def broadcast @monitor.mon_check_owner @cond.broadcast end private def initialize(monitor) # :nodoc: @monitor = monitor @cond = Thread::ConditionVariable.new end end def self.extend_object(obj) # :nodoc: super(obj) obj.__send__(:mon_initialize) end # # Attempts to enter exclusive section. Returns +false+ if lock fails. # def mon_try_enter @mon_data.try_enter end # For backward compatibility alias try_mon_enter mon_try_enter # # Enters exclusive section. # def mon_enter @mon_data.enter end # # Leaves exclusive section. # def mon_exit mon_check_owner @mon_data.exit end # # Returns true if this monitor is locked by any thread # def mon_locked? @mon_data.mon_locked? end # # Returns true if this monitor is locked by current thread. # def mon_owned? @mon_data.mon_owned? end # # Enters exclusive section and executes the block. Leaves the exclusive # section automatically when the block exits. See example under # +MonitorMixin+. # def mon_synchronize(&b) @mon_data.synchronize(&b) end alias synchronize mon_synchronize # # Creates a new MonitorMixin::ConditionVariable associated with the # Monitor object. # def new_cond unless defined?(@mon_data) mon_initialize @mon_initialized_by_new_cond = true end return ConditionVariable.new(@mon_data) end private # Use <tt>extend MonitorMixin</tt> or <tt>include MonitorMixin</tt> instead # of this constructor. Have look at the examples above to understand how to # use this module. def initialize(...) super mon_initialize end # Initializes the MonitorMixin after being included in a class or when an # object has been extended with the MonitorMixin def mon_initialize if defined?(@mon_data) if defined?(@mon_initialized_by_new_cond) return # already initialized. elsif @mon_data_owner_object_id == self.object_id raise ThreadError, "already initialized" end end @mon_data = ::Monitor.new @mon_data_owner_object_id = self.object_id end # Ensures that the MonitorMixin is owned by the current thread, # otherwise raises an exception. def mon_check_owner @mon_data.mon_check_owner end end # Use the Monitor class when you want to have a lock object for blocks with # mutual exclusion. # # require 'monitor' # # lock = Monitor.new # lock.synchronize do # # exclusive access # end # class Monitor # # Creates a new MonitorMixin::ConditionVariable associated with the # Monitor object. # def new_cond ::MonitorMixin::ConditionVariable.new(self) end # for compatibility alias try_mon_enter try_enter alias mon_try_enter try_enter alias mon_enter enter alias mon_exit exit alias mon_synchronize synchronize end # Documentation comments: # - All documentation comes from Nutshell. # - MonitorMixin.new_cond appears in the example, but is not documented in # Nutshell. # - All the internals (internal modules Accessible and Initializable, class # ConditionVariable) appear in RDoc. It might be good to hide them, by # making them private, or marking them :nodoc:, etc. # - RDoc doesn't recognise aliases, so we have mon_synchronize documented, but # not synchronize. # - mon_owner is in Nutshell, but appears as an accessor in a separate module # here, so is hard/impossible to RDoc. Some other useful accessors # (mon_count and some queue stuff) are also in this module, and don't appear # directly in the RDoc output. # - in short, it may be worth changing the code layout in this file to make the # documentation easier Back

Edit File : monitor.rb | Size : 6.97 KB

# frozen_string_literal: false
# = monitor.rb
#
# Copyright (C) 2001  Shugo Maeda <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
#
# This library is distributed under the terms of the Ruby license.
# You can freely distribute/modify this library.
#

require 'monitor.so'

#
# In concurrent programming, a monitor is an object or module intended to be
# used safely by more than one thread. The defining characteristic of a
# monitor is that its methods are executed with mutual exclusion. That is, at
# each point in time, at most one thread may be executing any of its methods.
# This mutual exclusion greatly simplifies reasoning about the implementation
# of monitors compared to reasoning about parallel code that updates a data
# structure.
#
# You can read more about the general principles on the Wikipedia page for
# Monitors[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor_%28synchronization%29].
#
# == Examples
#
# === Simple object.extend
#
#   require 'monitor.rb'
#
#   buf = []
#   buf.extend(MonitorMixin)
#   empty_cond = buf.new_cond
#
#   # consumer
#   Thread.start do
#     loop do
#       buf.synchronize do
#         empty_cond.wait_while { buf.empty? }
#         print buf.shift
#       end
#     end
#   end
#
#   # producer
#   while line = ARGF.gets
#     buf.synchronize do
#       buf.push(line)
#       empty_cond.signal
#     end
#   end
#
# The consumer thread waits for the producer thread to push a line to buf
# while <tt>buf.empty?</tt>. The producer thread (main thread) reads a
# line from ARGF and pushes it into buf then calls <tt>empty_cond.signal</tt>
# to notify the consumer thread of new data.
#
# === Simple Class include
#
#   require 'monitor'
#
#   class SynchronizedArray < Array
#
#     include MonitorMixin
#
#     def initialize(*args)
#       super(*args)
#     end
#
#     alias :old_shift :shift
#     alias :old_unshift :unshift
#
#     def shift(n=1)
#       self.synchronize do
#         self.old_shift(n)
#       end
#     end
#
#     def unshift(item)
#       self.synchronize do
#         self.old_unshift(item)
#       end
#     end
#
#     # other methods ...
#   end
#
# +SynchronizedArray+ implements an Array with synchronized access to items.
# This Class is implemented as subclass of Array which includes the
# MonitorMixin module.
#
module MonitorMixin
  #
  # FIXME: This isn't documented in Nutshell.
  #
  # Since MonitorMixin.new_cond returns a ConditionVariable, and the example
  # above calls while_wait and signal, this class should be documented.
  #
  class ConditionVariable
    #
    # Releases the lock held in the associated monitor and waits; reacquires the lock on wakeup.
    #
    # If +timeout+ is given, this method returns after +timeout+ seconds passed,
    # even if no other thread doesn't signal.
    #
    def wait(timeout = nil)
      @monitor.mon_check_owner
      @monitor.wait_for_cond(@cond, timeout)
    end

#
    # Calls wait repeatedly while the given block yields a truthy value.
    #
    def wait_while
      while yield
        wait
      end
    end

#
    # Calls wait repeatedly until the given block yields a truthy value.
    #
    def wait_until
      until yield
        wait
      end
    end

#
    # Wakes up the first thread in line waiting for this lock.
    #
    def signal
      @monitor.mon_check_owner
      @cond.signal
    end

#
    # Wakes up all threads waiting for this lock.
    #
    def broadcast
      @monitor.mon_check_owner
      @cond.broadcast
    end

private

def initialize(monitor) # :nodoc:
      @monitor = monitor
      @cond = Thread::ConditionVariable.new
    end
  end

def self.extend_object(obj) # :nodoc:
    super(obj)
    obj.__send__(:mon_initialize)
  end

#
  # Attempts to enter exclusive section.  Returns +false+ if lock fails.
  #
  def mon_try_enter
    @mon_data.try_enter
  end
  # For backward compatibility
  alias try_mon_enter mon_try_enter

#
  # Enters exclusive section.
  #
  def mon_enter
    @mon_data.enter
  end

#
  # Leaves exclusive section.
  #
  def mon_exit
    mon_check_owner
    @mon_data.exit
  end

#
  # Returns true if this monitor is locked by any thread
  #
  def mon_locked?
    @mon_data.mon_locked?
  end

#
  # Returns true if this monitor is locked by current thread.
  #
  def mon_owned?
    @mon_data.mon_owned?
  end

#
  # Enters exclusive section and executes the block.  Leaves the exclusive
  # section automatically when the block exits.  See example under
  # +MonitorMixin+.
  #
  def mon_synchronize(&b)
    @mon_data.synchronize(&b)
  end
  alias synchronize mon_synchronize

#
  # Creates a new MonitorMixin::ConditionVariable associated with the
  # Monitor object.
  #
  def new_cond
    unless defined?(@mon_data)
      mon_initialize
      @mon_initialized_by_new_cond = true
    end
    return ConditionVariable.new(@mon_data)
  end

private

# Use <tt>extend MonitorMixin</tt> or <tt>include MonitorMixin</tt> instead
  # of this constructor.  Have look at the examples above to understand how to
  # use this module.
  def initialize(...)
    super
    mon_initialize
  end

# Initializes the MonitorMixin after being included in a class or when an
  # object has been extended with the MonitorMixin
  def mon_initialize
    if defined?(@mon_data)
      if defined?(@mon_initialized_by_new_cond)
        return # already initialized.
      elsif @mon_data_owner_object_id == self.object_id
        raise ThreadError, "already initialized"
      end
    end
    @mon_data = ::Monitor.new
    @mon_data_owner_object_id = self.object_id
  end

# Ensures that the MonitorMixin is owned by the current thread,
  # otherwise raises an exception.
  def mon_check_owner
    @mon_data.mon_check_owner
  end
end

# Use the Monitor class when you want to have a lock object for blocks with
# mutual exclusion.
#
#   require 'monitor'
#
#   lock = Monitor.new
#   lock.synchronize do
#     # exclusive access
#   end
#
class Monitor
  #
  # Creates a new MonitorMixin::ConditionVariable associated with the
  # Monitor object.
  #
  def new_cond
    ::MonitorMixin::ConditionVariable.new(self)
  end

# for compatibility
  alias try_mon_enter try_enter
  alias mon_try_enter try_enter
  alias mon_enter enter
  alias mon_exit exit
  alias mon_synchronize synchronize
end

# Documentation comments:
#  - All documentation comes from Nutshell.
#  - MonitorMixin.new_cond appears in the example, but is not documented in
#    Nutshell.
#  - All the internals (internal modules Accessible and Initializable, class
#    ConditionVariable) appear in RDoc.  It might be good to hide them, by
#    making them private, or marking them :nodoc:, etc.
#  - RDoc doesn't recognise aliases, so we have mon_synchronize documented, but
#    not synchronize.
#  - mon_owner is in Nutshell, but appears as an accessor in a separate module
#    here, so is hard/impossible to RDoc.  Some other useful accessors
#    (mon_count and some queue stuff) are also in this module, and don't appear
#    directly in the RDoc output.
#  - in short, it may be worth changing the code layout in this file to make the
#    documentation easier

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