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Edit File : object.h \| Size : 21.66 KB
#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_OBJECT_H /--C++--vi:se ft=cpp:/ #define RBIMPL_INTERN_OBJECT_H /** * @file * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org> * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby. * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details. * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere * anytime at will. * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++. * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available. * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98. * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_cObject. / #include "ruby/internal/attr/const.h" #include "ruby/internal/attr/deprecated.h" #include "ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h" #include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h" #include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h" #include "ruby/internal/value.h" RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN() /* * This macro is (used but) mysterious. Why on earth do we need this? * * - `obj != orig` check is done anyways inside of rb_obj_init_copy(). * - rb_obj_init_copy() returns something. No need are there to add `, 1`. / #define RB_OBJ_INIT_COPY(obj, orig) \ ((obj) != (orig) && (rb_obj_init_copy((obj), (orig)), 1)) /* @old{RB_OBJ_INIT_COPY} / #define OBJ_INIT_COPY(obj, orig) RB_OBJ_INIT_COPY(obj, orig) / object.c / /* * Identical to rb_class_new_instance(), except it passes the passed keywords * if any to the `#initialize` method. * * @param[in] argc Number of objects of `argv`. * @param[in] argv Arbitrary number of method arguments. * @param[in] klass An instance of ::rb_cClass. * @exception rb_eTypeError `klass`'s allocator is undefined. * @exception rb_eException Any exceptions can happen inside. * @return An allocated new instance of `klass`. * @note This is _the_ implementation of `Object.new`. / VALUE rb_class_new_instance_pass_kw(int argc, const VALUE argv, VALUE klass); /** * Allocates, then initialises an instance of the given class. It first calls * the passed class' allocator to obtain an uninitialised object, then calls * its initialiser with the remaining arguments. * * @param[in] argc Number of objects of `argv`. * @param[in] argv Arguments passed to `#initialize`. * @param[in] klass An instance of ::rb_cClass. * @exception rb_eTypeError `klass`'s allocator is undefined. * @exception rb_eException Any exceptions can happen inside. * @return An allocated new instance of `klass`. / VALUE rb_class_new_instance(int argc, const VALUE argv, VALUE klass); /** * Identical to rb_class_new_instance(), except you can specify how to handle * the last element of the given array. * * @param[in] argc Number of objects of `argv`. * @param[in] argv Arbitrary number of method arguments. * @param[in] klass An instance of ::rb_cClass. * @param[in] kw_splat Handling of keyword parameters: * - RB_NO_KEYWORDS `argv`'s last is not a keyword argument. * - RB_PASS_KEYWORDS `argv`'s last is a keyword argument. * - RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS it depends if there is a passed block. * @exception rb_eTypeError `klass`'s allocator is undefined. * @exception rb_eException Any exceptions can happen inside. * @return An allocated new instance of `klass`. / VALUE rb_class_new_instance_kw(int argc, const VALUE argv, VALUE klass, int kw_splat); /** * Checks for equality of the passed objects, in terms of `Object#eql?`. * * @param[in] lhs Comparison left hand side. * @param[in] rhs Comparison right hand side. * @retval RUBY_Qtrue They are equal. * @retval RUBY_Qfalse Otherwise. * @note This function actually calls `lhs.eql?(rhs)` so you cannot * implement your class' `#eql?` method using it. / int rb_eql(VALUE lhs, VALUE rhs); /* * Generates a textual representation of the given object. * * @param[in] obj Arbitrary ruby object. * @return An instance of ::rb_cString that represents `obj`. * @note This is the default implementation of `Object#to_s` that each * subclasses want to override. / VALUE rb_any_to_s(VALUE obj); /* * Generates a human-readable textual representation of the given object. This * is largely similar to Ruby level `Object#inspect` but not the same; it * additionally escapes the inspection result so that the string be compatible * with that of default internal (or default external, if absent). * * @param[in] obj Arbitrary ruby object. * @return An instance of ::rb_cString that represents `obj`. / VALUE rb_inspect(VALUE obj); /* * Queries if the given object is a direct instance of the given class. * * @param[in] obj Arbitrary ruby object. * @param[in] klass An instance of ::rb_cModule. * @exception rb_eTypeError `klass` is neither module nor class. * @retval RUBY_Qtrue `obj` is an instance of `klass`. * @retval RUBY_Qfalse Otherwise. / VALUE rb_obj_is_instance_of(VALUE obj, VALUE klass); /* * Queries if the given object is an instance (of possibly descendants) of the * given class. * * @param[in] obj Arbitrary ruby object. * @param[in] klass An instance of ::rb_cModule. * @exception rb_eTypeError `klass` is neither module nor class. * @retval RUBY_Qtrue `obj` is a `klass`. * @retval RUBY_Qfalse Otherwise. / VALUE rb_obj_is_kind_of(VALUE obj, VALUE klass); /* * Allocates an instance of the given class. * * @param[in] klass A class to instantiate. * @exception rb_eTypeError `klass` is not a class. * @return An allocated, not yet initialised instance of `klass`. * @note It calls the allocator defined by rb_define_alloc_func(). You * cannot use this function to define an allocator. Use * rb_newobj_of(), #TypedData_Make_Struct or others, instead. * @note Usually prefer rb_class_new_instance() to rb_obj_alloc() and * rb_obj_call_init(). * @see rb_class_new_instance() * @see rb_obj_call_init() * @see rb_define_alloc_func() * @see rb_newobj_of() * @see #TypedData_Make_Struct / VALUE rb_obj_alloc(VALUE klass); /* * Produces a shallow copy of the given object. Its list of instance variables * are copied, but not the objects they reference. It also copies the frozen * value state. * * @param[in] obj Arbitrary ruby object. * @exception rb_eException `#initialize_copy` can raise anything. * @return A "clone" of `obj`. * * @internal * * Unlike ruby-level `Object#clone`, there is no way to control the frozen-ness * of the return value. / VALUE rb_obj_clone(VALUE obj); /* * Duplicates the given object. This does almost the same thing as * rb_obj_clone() do. However it does not copy the singleton class (if any). * It also doesn't copy frozen-ness. * * @param[in] obj Arbitrary ruby object. * @exception rb_eException `#initialize_copy` can raise anything. * @return A shallow copy of `obj`. / VALUE rb_obj_dup(VALUE obj); /* * Default implementation of `#initialize_copy`, `#initialize_dup` and * `#initialize_clone`. It does almost nothing. Just raises exceptions for * checks. * * @param[in] dst The destination object. * @param[in] src The source object. * @exception rb_eFrozenError `dst` is frozen. * @exception rb_eTypeError `dst` and `src` have different classes. * @return Always returns `dst`. / VALUE rb_obj_init_copy(VALUE src, VALUE dst); RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED_EXT(("taintedness turned out to be a wrong idea.")) /* * @deprecated This function once was a thing in the old days, but makes no * sense any longer today. Exists here for backwards * compatibility only. You can safely forget about it. * * @param[in] obj Object in question. * @return Verbatim `obj`. / VALUE rb_obj_taint(VALUE obj); RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE() RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED_EXT(("taintedness turned out to be a wrong idea.")) /* * @deprecated This function once was a thing in the old days, but makes no * sense any longer today. Exists here for backwards * compatibility only. You can safely forget about it. * * @param[in] obj Object in question. * @return Always returns ::RUBY_Qfalse. / VALUE rb_obj_tainted(VALUE obj); RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED_EXT(("taintedness turned out to be a wrong idea.")) /* * @deprecated This function once was a thing in the old days, but makes no * sense any longer today. Exists here for backwards * compatibility only. You can safely forget about it. * * @param[in] obj Object in question. * @return Verbatim `obj`. / VALUE rb_obj_untaint(VALUE obj); RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED_EXT(("trustedness turned out to be a wrong idea.")) /* * @deprecated This function once was a thing in the old days, but makes no * sense any longer today. Exists here for backwards * compatibility only. You can safely forget about it. * * @param[in] obj Object in question. * @return Verbatim `obj`. / VALUE rb_obj_untrust(VALUE obj); RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE() RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED_EXT(("trustedness turned out to be a wrong idea.")) /* * @deprecated This function once was a thing in the old days, but makes no * sense any longer today. Exists here for backwards * compatibility only. You can safely forget about it. * * @param[in] obj Object in question. * @return Always returns ::RUBY_Qfalse. / VALUE rb_obj_untrusted(VALUE obj); RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED_EXT(("trustedness turned out to be a wrong idea.")) /* * @deprecated This function once was a thing in the old days, but makes no * sense any longer today. Exists here for backwards * compatibility only. You can safely forget about it. * * @param[in] obj Object in question. * @return Verbatim `obj`. / VALUE rb_obj_trust(VALUE obj); /* * Just calls rb_obj_freeze_inline() inside. Does this make any sens to * extension libraries? * * @param[out] obj Object to freeze. * @return Verbatim `obj`. / VALUE rb_obj_freeze(VALUE obj); RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE() /* * Just calls RB_OBJ_FROZEN() inside. Does this make any sens to extension * libraries? * * @param[in] obj Object in question. * @retval RUBY_Qtrue Yes it is. * @retval RUBY_Qfalse No it isn't. / VALUE rb_obj_frozen_p(VALUE obj); / gc.c / /* * Finds or creates an integer primary key of the given object. In the old * days this function was a purely arithmetic operation that maps the * underlying memory address where the object resides into a Ruby's integer. * Some time around 2.x this changed. It no longer relates its return values * to C level pointers. This function assigns some random number to the given * object if absent. The same number will be returned on all subsequent * requests. No two active objects share a number. * * @param[in] obj Arbitrary ruby object. * @return An instance of ::rb_cInteger which is an "identifier" of `obj`. * * @internal * * The "some random number" is in fact a monotonic-increasing process-global * unique integer, much like an `INTEGER AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY` column in * a MySQL table. / VALUE rb_obj_id(VALUE obj); RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST() /* * Identical to rb_obj_id(), except it hesitates from allocating a new instance * of ::rb_cInteger. rb_obj_id() could allocate ::RUBY_T_BIGNUM objects. That * allocation might perhaps impact negatively. On such situations, this * function instead returns one-shot temporary small integers that need no * allocations at all. The values are guaranteed unique at the moment, but no * future promise is made; could be reused. Use of this API should be very * instant. It is a failure to store the returned integer to somewhere else. * * In short it is difficult to use. * * @param[in] obj Arbitrary ruby object. * @return An instance of ::rb_cInteger unique at the moment. * * @internal * * This is roughly the old behaviour of rb_obj_id(). / VALUE rb_memory_id(VALUE obj); / object.c / RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE() /* * Finds a "real" class. As the name implies there are class objects that are * surreal. This function takes a class, traverses its ancestry tree, and * returns its nearest ancestor which is neither a module nor a singleton * class. * * @param[in] klass An instance of ::rb_cClass. * @retval RUBY_Qfalse No real class in `klass`' ancestry tree. * @retval klass `klass` itself is a real class. * @retval otherwise Nearest ancestor of `klass` who is real. / VALUE rb_class_real(VALUE klass); RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE() /* * Determines if the given two modules are relatives. * * @param[in] scion Possible subclass. * @param[in] ascendant Possible superclass. * @exception rb_eTypeError `ascendant` is not a module. * @retval RUBY_Qtrue `scion` inherits, or is equal to `ascendant`. * @retval RUBY_Qfalse `ascendant` inherits `scion`. * @retval RUBY_Qnil They are not relatives. / VALUE rb_class_inherited_p(VALUE scion, VALUE ascendant); RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE() /* * Queries the parent of the given class. * * @param[in] klass A child class. * @exception rb_eTypeError `klass` is a `Class.allocate`. * @retval RUBY_Qfalse `klass` has no superclass. * @retval otherwise `klass`' superclass. * * @internal * * Is there any class except ::rb_cBasicObject, that has no superclass? / VALUE rb_class_superclass(VALUE klass); RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(()) /* * Converts an object into another type. Calls the specified conversion method * if necessary. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @param[in] type A value of enum ::ruby_value_type. * @param[in] name Name to display on error (e.g. "Array"). * @param[in] mid Conversion method (e.g. "to_ary"). * @exception rb_eTypeError Failed to convert. * @return An object of the specified type. / VALUE rb_convert_type(VALUE val, int type, const char name, const char mid); RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(()) /* * Identical to rb_convert_type(), except it returns ::RUBY_Qnil instead of * raising exceptions, in case of conversion failure. It still raises * exceptions for various reasons, like when the conversion method itself * raises, though. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @param[in] type A value of enum ::ruby_value_type. * @param[in] name Name to display on error (e.g. "Array"). * @param[in] mid Conversion method (e.g. "to_ary"). * @exception rb_eTypeError The `mid` does not generate `type`. * @retval RUBY_Qnil No conversion defined. * @retval otherwise An object of the specified type. / VALUE rb_check_convert_type(VALUE val, int type, const char name, const char mid); RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(()) /* * Identical to rb_check_convert_type(), except the return value type is fixed * to ::rb_cInteger. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @param[in] mid Conversion method (e.g. "to_ary"). * @exception rb_eTypeError The `mid` does not generate an integer. * @retval RUBY_Qnil No conversion defined. * @retval otherwise An instance of ::rb_cInteger. / VALUE rb_check_to_integer(VALUE val, const char mid); /** * This is complicated. * * - When the passed object is already an instance of ::rb_cFloat, just * returns it as-is. * * - When the passed object is something numeric, the function tries to * convert it using `#to_f` method. * * - If that conversion fails (this happens for instance when the numeric * is a complex) it returns ::RUBY_Qnil. * * - Otherwise returns the conversion result. * * - Otherwise it also returns ::RUBY_Qnil. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @retval RUBY_Qnil Conversion from `val` to float is undefined. * @retval otherwise Converted result. / VALUE rb_check_to_float(VALUE val); /* * Identical to rb_check_to_int(), except it raises in case of conversion * mismatch. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @exception rb_eTypeError `#to_int` does not generate an integer. * @return An instance of ::rb_cInteger. / VALUE rb_to_int(VALUE val); /* * Identical to rb_check_to_integer(), except it uses `#to_int` for conversion. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @exception rb_eTypeError `#to_int` does not return an integer. * @retval RUBY_Qnil No conversion defined. * @retval otherwise An instance of ::rb_cInteger. / VALUE rb_check_to_int(VALUE val); /* * This is the logic behind `Kernel#Integer`. Numeric types are converted * directly, with floating point numbers being truncated. Strings are * interpreted strictly; only leading/trailing whitespaces, plus/minus sign, * radix indicators such as `0x`, digits, and underscores are allowed. * Anything else are converted by first trying `#to_int`, then `#to_i`. * * This is slightly stricter than `String#to_i`. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @exception rb_eArgError Malformed `val` passed. * @exception rb_eTypeError No conversion defined. * @return An instance of ::rb_cInteger. / VALUE rb_Integer(VALUE val); /* * Identical to rb_check_to_float(), except it raises on error. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @exception rb_eTypeError No conversion defined. * @return An instance of ::rb_cFloat. / VALUE rb_to_float(VALUE val); /* * This is the logic behind `Kernel#Float`. Numeric types are converted * directly to the nearest value that a Float can represent. Strings are * interpreted strictly; only leading/trailing whitespaces are allowed except * what `strtod` understands. Anything else are converted using `#to_f`. * * This is slightly stricter than `String#to_f`. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @exception rb_eArgError Malformed `val` passed. * @exception rb_eTypeError No conversion defined. * @return An instance of ::rb_cFloat. / VALUE rb_Float(VALUE val); /* * This is the logic behind `Kernel#String`. Arguments are converted by first * trying `#to_str`, then `#to_s`. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @exception rb_eTypeError No conversion defined. * @return An instance of ::rb_cString. / VALUE rb_String(VALUE val); /* * This is the logic behind `Kernel#Array`. Arguments are converted by first * trying `#to_ary`, then `#to_a`, and if both failed, returns an array of * length 1 that contains the passed argument as the sole contents. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @return An instance of ::rb_cArray. / VALUE rb_Array(VALUE val); /* * This is the logic behind `Kernel#Hash`. Arguments are converted by first * trying `#to_hash`. if it failed, and the argument is either ::RUBY_Qnil or * an empty array, returns an empty hash. Otherwise an exception is raised. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @exception rb_eTypeError No conversion defined. * @return An instance of ::rb_cHash. / VALUE rb_Hash(VALUE val); RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(()) /* * Converts a textual representation of a real number into a numeric, which is * the nearest value that the return type can represent, of the value that the * argument represents. This is in fact a 2-in-1 function whose behaviour can * be controlled using the second (mode) argument. If the mode is zero, this * function is in "historical" mode which only understands "floating-constant" * defined at ISO/IEC 9899:1990 section 6.1.3.1. If the mode is nonzero, it is * in "extended" mode, which also accepts "hexadecimal-floating-constant" * defined at ISO/IEC 9899:2018 section 6.4.4.2. * * @param[in] str A textual representation of a real number. * @param[in] mode Conversion mode, as described above. * @exception rb_eArgError Malformed `str` passed. * @see https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/2969 * @note Null pointers are allowed, and it returns 0.0 then. / double rb_cstr_to_dbl(const char str, int mode); /** * Identical to rb_cstr_to_dbl(), except it accepts a Ruby's string instead of * C's. * * @param[in] str A textual representation of a real number. * @param[in] mode Conversion mode, as described in rb_cstr_to_dbl(). * @exception rb_eArgError Malformed `str` passed. * @see https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/2969 / double rb_str_to_dbl(VALUE str, int mode); RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END() #endif / RBIMPL_INTERN_OBJECT_H */ Back

Edit File : object.h | Size : 21.66 KB

#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_OBJECT_H                       /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
#define RBIMPL_INTERN_OBJECT_H
/**
 * @file
 * @author     Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
 * @copyright  This  file  is   a  part  of  the   programming  language  Ruby.
 *             Permission  is hereby  granted,  to  either redistribute  and/or
 *             modify this file, provided that  the conditions mentioned in the
 *             file COPYING are met.  Consult the file for details.
 * @warning    Symbols   prefixed  with   either  `RBIMPL`   or  `rbimpl`   are
 *             implementation details.   Don't take  them as canon.  They could
 *             rapidly appear then vanish.  The name (path) of this header file
 *             is also an  implementation detail.  Do not expect  it to persist
 *             at the place it is now.  Developers are free to move it anywhere
 *             anytime at will.
 * @note       To  ruby-core:  remember  that   this  header  can  be  possibly
 *             recursively included  from extension  libraries written  in C++.
 *             Do not  expect for  instance `__VA_ARGS__` is  always available.
 *             We assume C99  for ruby itself but we don't  assume languages of
 *             extension libraries.  They could be written in C++98.
 * @brief      Public APIs related to ::rb_cObject.
 */
#include "ruby/internal/attr/const.h"
#include "ruby/internal/attr/deprecated.h"
#include "ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h"
#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
#include "ruby/internal/value.h"

RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()

/**
 * This macro is (used but) mysterious.  Why on earth do we need this?
 *
 * - `obj != orig` check is done anyways inside of rb_obj_init_copy().
 * - rb_obj_init_copy() returns something.  No need are there to add `, 1`.
 */
#define RB_OBJ_INIT_COPY(obj, orig) \
    ((obj) != (orig) && (rb_obj_init_copy((obj), (orig)), 1))
/** @old{RB_OBJ_INIT_COPY} */
#define OBJ_INIT_COPY(obj, orig) RB_OBJ_INIT_COPY(obj, orig)

/* object.c */

/**
 * Identical to  rb_class_new_instance(), except it passes  the passed keywords
 * if any to the `#initialize` method.
 *
 * @param[in]  argc           Number of objects of `argv`.
 * @param[in]  argv           Arbitrary number of method arguments.
 * @param[in]  klass          An instance of ::rb_cClass.
 * @exception  rb_eTypeError  `klass`'s allocator is undefined.
 * @exception  rb_eException  Any exceptions can happen inside.
 * @return     An allocated new instance of `klass`.
 * @note       This is _the_ implementation of `Object.new`.
 */
VALUE rb_class_new_instance_pass_kw(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE klass);

/**
 * Allocates, then initialises an instance of  the given class.  It first calls
 * the passed  class' allocator to  obtain an uninitialised object,  then calls
 * its initialiser with the remaining arguments.
 *
 * @param[in]  argc           Number of objects of `argv`.
 * @param[in]  argv           Arguments passed to `#initialize`.
 * @param[in]  klass          An instance of ::rb_cClass.
 * @exception  rb_eTypeError  `klass`'s allocator is undefined.
 * @exception  rb_eException  Any exceptions can happen inside.
 * @return     An allocated new instance of `klass`.
 */
VALUE rb_class_new_instance(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE klass);

/**
 * Identical to rb_class_new_instance(),  except you can specify  how to handle
 * the last element of the given array.
 *
 * @param[in]  argc             Number of objects of `argv`.
 * @param[in]  argv             Arbitrary number of method arguments.
 * @param[in]  klass            An instance of ::rb_cClass.
 * @param[in]  kw_splat         Handling of keyword parameters:
 *   - RB_NO_KEYWORDS           `argv`'s last is not a keyword argument.
 *   - RB_PASS_KEYWORDS         `argv`'s last is a keyword argument.
 *   - RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS  it depends if there is a passed block.
 * @exception  rb_eTypeError    `klass`'s allocator is undefined.
 * @exception  rb_eException    Any exceptions can happen inside.
 * @return     An allocated new instance of `klass`.
 */
VALUE rb_class_new_instance_kw(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE klass, int kw_splat);

/**
 * Checks for equality of the passed objects, in terms of `Object#eql?`.
 *
 * @param[in]  lhs          Comparison left hand side.
 * @param[in]  rhs          Comparison right hand side.
 * @retval     RUBY_Qtrue   They are equal.
 * @retval     RUBY_Qfalse  Otherwise.
 * @note       This  function  actually  calls `lhs.eql?(rhs)`  so  you  cannot
 *             implement your class' `#eql?` method using it.
 */
int rb_eql(VALUE lhs, VALUE rhs);

/**
 * Generates a textual representation of the given object.
 *
 * @param[in]  obj  Arbitrary ruby object.
 * @return     An instance of ::rb_cString that represents `obj`.
 * @note       This is  the default  implementation of `Object#to_s`  that each
 *             subclasses want to override.
 */
VALUE rb_any_to_s(VALUE obj);

/**
 * Generates a human-readable textual representation of the given object.  This
 * is  largely similar  to Ruby  level `Object#inspect`  but not  the same;  it
 * additionally escapes the inspection result  so that the string be compatible
 * with that of default internal (or default external, if absent).
 *
 * @param[in]  obj  Arbitrary ruby object.
 * @return     An instance of ::rb_cString that represents `obj`.
 */
VALUE rb_inspect(VALUE obj);

/**
 * Queries if the given object is a direct instance of the given class.
 *
 * @param[in]  obj            Arbitrary ruby object.
 * @param[in]  klass          An instance of ::rb_cModule.
 * @exception  rb_eTypeError  `klass` is neither module nor class.
 * @retval     RUBY_Qtrue     `obj` is an instance of `klass`.
 * @retval     RUBY_Qfalse    Otherwise.
 */
VALUE rb_obj_is_instance_of(VALUE obj, VALUE klass);

/**
 * Queries if the given object is  an instance (of possibly descendants) of the
 * given class.
 *
 * @param[in]  obj            Arbitrary ruby object.
 * @param[in]  klass          An instance of ::rb_cModule.
 * @exception  rb_eTypeError  `klass` is neither module nor class.
 * @retval     RUBY_Qtrue     `obj` is a `klass`.
 * @retval     RUBY_Qfalse    Otherwise.
 */
VALUE rb_obj_is_kind_of(VALUE obj, VALUE klass);

/**
 * Allocates an instance of the given class.
 *
 * @param[in]  klass          A class to instantiate.
 * @exception  rb_eTypeError  `klass` is not a class.
 * @return     An allocated, not yet initialised instance of `klass`.
 * @note       It calls  the allocator defined by  rb_define_alloc_func().  You
 *             cannot  use   this  function   to  define  an   allocator.   Use
 *             rb_newobj_of(), #TypedData_Make_Struct or others, instead.
 * @note       Usually  prefer  rb_class_new_instance() to  rb_obj_alloc()  and
 *             rb_obj_call_init().
 * @see        rb_class_new_instance()
 * @see        rb_obj_call_init()
 * @see        rb_define_alloc_func()
 * @see        rb_newobj_of()
 * @see        #TypedData_Make_Struct
 */
VALUE rb_obj_alloc(VALUE klass);

/**
 * Produces a shallow copy of the given object.  Its list of instance variables
 * are copied, but  not the objects they reference.  It  also copies the frozen
 * value state.
 *
 * @param[in]  obj            Arbitrary ruby object.
 * @exception  rb_eException  `#initialize_copy` can raise anything.
 * @return     A "clone" of `obj`.
 *
 * @internal
 *
 * Unlike ruby-level `Object#clone`, there is no way to control the frozen-ness
 * of the return value.
 */
VALUE rb_obj_clone(VALUE obj);

/**
 * Duplicates  the  given   object.   This  does  almost  the   same  thing  as
 * rb_obj_clone() do.  However  it does not copy the singleton  class (if any).
 * It also doesn't copy frozen-ness.
 *
 * @param[in]  obj            Arbitrary ruby object.
 * @exception  rb_eException  `#initialize_copy` can raise anything.
 * @return     A shallow copy of `obj`.
 */
VALUE rb_obj_dup(VALUE obj);

/**
 * Default   implementation   of  `#initialize_copy`,   `#initialize_dup`   and
 * `#initialize_clone`.  It  does almost  nothing.  Just raises  exceptions for
 * checks.
 *
 * @param[in]  dst              The destination object.
 * @param[in]  src              The source object.
 * @exception  rb_eFrozenError  `dst` is frozen.
 * @exception  rb_eTypeError    `dst` and `src` have different classes.
 * @return     Always returns `dst`.
 */
VALUE rb_obj_init_copy(VALUE src, VALUE dst);

RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED_EXT(("taintedness turned out to be a wrong idea."))
/**
 * @deprecated  This function  once was a thing  in the old days,  but makes no
 *              sense   any   longer   today.   Exists   here   for   backwards
 *              compatibility only.  You can safely forget about it.
 *
 * @param[in]   obj  Object in question.
 * @return      Verbatim `obj`.
 */
VALUE rb_obj_taint(VALUE obj);

RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED_EXT(("taintedness turned out to be a wrong idea."))
/**
 * @deprecated  This function  once was a thing  in the old days,  but makes no
 *              sense   any   longer   today.   Exists   here   for   backwards
 *              compatibility only.  You can safely forget about it.
 *
 * @param[in]   obj  Object in question.
 * @return      Always returns ::RUBY_Qfalse.
 */
VALUE rb_obj_tainted(VALUE obj);

RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED_EXT(("trustedness turned out to be a wrong idea."))
/**
 * @deprecated  This function  once was a thing  in the old days,  but makes no
 *              sense   any   longer   today.   Exists   here   for   backwards
 *              compatibility only.  You can safely forget about it.
 *
 * @param[in]   obj  Object in question.
 * @return      Verbatim `obj`.
 */
VALUE rb_obj_untrust(VALUE obj);

RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED_EXT(("trustedness turned out to be a wrong idea."))
/**
 * @deprecated  This function  once was a thing  in the old days,  but makes no
 *              sense   any   longer   today.   Exists   here   for   backwards
 *              compatibility only.  You can safely forget about it.
 *
 * @param[in]   obj  Object in question.
 * @return      Always returns ::RUBY_Qfalse.
 */
VALUE rb_obj_untrusted(VALUE obj);

/**
 * Just  calls  rb_obj_freeze_inline() inside.   Does  this  make any  sens  to
 * extension libraries?
 *
 * @param[out]  obj  Object to freeze.
 * @return      Verbatim `obj`.
 */
VALUE rb_obj_freeze(VALUE obj);

RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
/**
 * Just calls  RB_OBJ_FROZEN() inside.   Does this make  any sens  to extension
 * libraries?
 *
 * @param[in]  obj          Object in question.
 * @retval     RUBY_Qtrue   Yes it is.
 * @retval     RUBY_Qfalse  No it isn't.
 */
VALUE rb_obj_frozen_p(VALUE obj);

/* gc.c */

/**
 * Finds or  creates an integer  primary key of the  given object.  In  the old
 * days  this  function  was  a  purely  arithmetic  operation  that  maps  the
 * underlying memory  address where the  object resides into a  Ruby's integer.
 * Some time around  2.x this changed.  It no longer  relates its return values
 * to C level pointers.  This function  assigns some random number to the given
 * object  if absent.   The  same number  will be  returned  on all  subsequent
 * requests.  No two active objects share a number.
 *
 * @param[in]  obj  Arbitrary ruby object.
 * @return     An instance of ::rb_cInteger which is an "identifier" of `obj`.
 *
 * @internal
 *
 * The "some  random number" is  in fact a  monotonic-increasing process-global
 * unique integer, much like an  `INTEGER AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY` column in
 * a MySQL table.
 */
VALUE rb_obj_id(VALUE obj);

RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
/**
 * Identical to rb_obj_id(), except it hesitates from allocating a new instance
 * of ::rb_cInteger.  rb_obj_id() could allocate ::RUBY_T_BIGNUM objects.  That
 * allocation  might  perhaps  impact  negatively.  On  such  situations,  this
 * function  instead returns  one-shot temporary  small integers  that need  no
 * allocations at all.  The values are  guaranteed unique at the moment, but no
 * future promise  is made; could  be reused.  Use of  this API should  be very
 * instant.  It is a failure to store the returned integer to somewhere else.
 *
 * In short it is difficult to use.
 *
 * @param[in]  obj  Arbitrary ruby object.
 * @return     An instance of ::rb_cInteger unique at the moment.
 *
 * @internal
 *
 * This is roughly the old behaviour of rb_obj_id().
 */
VALUE rb_memory_id(VALUE obj);

/* object.c */

RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
/**
 * Finds a "real" class.  As the name  implies there are class objects that are
 * surreal.   This function  takes a  class, traverses  its ancestry  tree, and
 * returns  its nearest  ancestor which  is neither  a module  nor a  singleton
 * class.
 *
 * @param[in]  klass        An instance of ::rb_cClass.
 * @retval     RUBY_Qfalse  No real class in `klass`' ancestry tree.
 * @retval     klass        `klass` itself is a real class.
 * @retval     otherwise    Nearest ancestor of `klass` who is real.
 */
VALUE rb_class_real(VALUE klass);

RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
/**
 * Determines if the given two modules are relatives.
 *
 * @param[in]  scion          Possible subclass.
 * @param[in]  ascendant      Possible superclass.
 * @exception  rb_eTypeError  `ascendant` is not a module.
 * @retval     RUBY_Qtrue     `scion` inherits, or is equal to `ascendant`.
 * @retval     RUBY_Qfalse    `ascendant` inherits `scion`.
 * @retval     RUBY_Qnil      They are not relatives.
 */
VALUE rb_class_inherited_p(VALUE scion, VALUE ascendant);

RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
/**
 * Queries the parent of the given class.
 *
 * @param[in]  klass          A child class.
 * @exception  rb_eTypeError  `klass` is a `Class.allocate`.
 * @retval     RUBY_Qfalse    `klass` has no superclass.
 * @retval     otherwise      `klass`' superclass.
 *
 * @internal
 *
 * Is there any class except ::rb_cBasicObject, that has no superclass?
 */
VALUE rb_class_superclass(VALUE klass);

RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(())
/**
 * Converts an object into another type.  Calls the specified conversion method
 * if necessary.
 *
 * @param[in]  val            An object to convert.
 * @param[in]  type           A value of enum ::ruby_value_type.
 * @param[in]  name           Name to display on error (e.g. "Array").
 * @param[in]  mid            Conversion method (e.g. "to_ary").
 * @exception  rb_eTypeError  Failed to convert.
 * @return     An object of the specified type.
 */
VALUE rb_convert_type(VALUE val, int type, const char *name, const char *mid);

RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(())
/**
 * Identical  to rb_convert_type(),  except it  returns ::RUBY_Qnil  instead of
 * raising  exceptions,  in  case  of  conversion  failure.   It  still  raises
 * exceptions  for various  reasons,  like when  the  conversion method  itself
 * raises, though.
 *
 * @param[in]  val            An object to convert.
 * @param[in]  type           A value of enum ::ruby_value_type.
 * @param[in]  name           Name to display on error (e.g. "Array").
 * @param[in]  mid            Conversion method (e.g. "to_ary").
 * @exception  rb_eTypeError  The `mid` does not generate `type`.
 * @retval     RUBY_Qnil      No conversion defined.
 * @retval     otherwise      An object of the specified type.
 */
VALUE rb_check_convert_type(VALUE val, int type, const char *name, const char *mid);

RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(())
/**
 * Identical to rb_check_convert_type(), except the  return value type is fixed
 * to ::rb_cInteger.
 *
 * @param[in]  val            An object to convert.
 * @param[in]  mid            Conversion method (e.g. "to_ary").
 * @exception  rb_eTypeError  The `mid` does not generate an integer.
 * @retval     RUBY_Qnil      No conversion defined.
 * @retval     otherwise      An instance of ::rb_cInteger.
 */
VALUE rb_check_to_integer(VALUE val, const char *mid);

/**
 * This is complicated.
 *
 *   - When  the passed  object is  already  an instance  of ::rb_cFloat,  just
 *     returns it as-is.
 *
 *   - When  the passed  object is  something  numeric, the  function tries  to
 *     convert it using `#to_f` method.
 *
 *       - If that conversion fails (this happens for instance when the numeric
 *         is a complex) it returns ::RUBY_Qnil.
 *
 *       - Otherwise returns the conversion result.
 *
 *   - Otherwise it also returns ::RUBY_Qnil.
 *
 * @param[in]  val        An object to convert.
 * @retval     RUBY_Qnil  Conversion from `val` to float is undefined.
 * @retval     otherwise  Converted result.
 */
VALUE rb_check_to_float(VALUE val);

/**
 * Identical  to rb_check_to_int(),  except  it raises  in  case of  conversion
 * mismatch.
 *
 * @param[in]  val            An object to convert.
 * @exception  rb_eTypeError  `#to_int` does not generate an integer.
 * @return     An instance of ::rb_cInteger.
 */
VALUE rb_to_int(VALUE val);

/**
 * Identical to rb_check_to_integer(), except it uses `#to_int` for conversion.
 *
 * @param[in]  val            An object to convert.
 * @exception  rb_eTypeError  `#to_int` does not return an integer.
 * @retval     RUBY_Qnil      No conversion defined.
 * @retval     otherwise      An instance of ::rb_cInteger.
 */
VALUE rb_check_to_int(VALUE val);

/**
 * This  is the  logic behind  `Kernel#Integer`.  Numeric  types are  converted
 * directly,  with  floating  point   numbers  being  truncated.   Strings  are
 * interpreted  strictly; only  leading/trailing whitespaces,  plus/minus sign,
 * radix  indicators  such  as  `0x`,  digits,  and  underscores  are  allowed.
 * Anything else are converted by first trying `#to_int`, then `#to_i`.
 *
 * This is slightly stricter than `String#to_i`.
 *
 * @param[in]  val            An object to convert.
 * @exception  rb_eArgError   Malformed `val` passed.
 * @exception  rb_eTypeError  No conversion defined.
 * @return     An instance of ::rb_cInteger.
 */
VALUE rb_Integer(VALUE val);

/**
 * Identical to rb_check_to_float(), except it raises on error.
 *
 * @param[in]  val            An object to convert.
 * @exception  rb_eTypeError  No conversion defined.
 * @return     An instance of ::rb_cFloat.
 */
VALUE rb_to_float(VALUE val);

/**
 * This  is  the logic  behind  `Kernel#Float`.   Numeric types  are  converted
 * directly  to the  nearest value  that a  Float can  represent.  Strings  are
 * interpreted strictly;  only leading/trailing whitespaces are  allowed except
 * what `strtod` understands.  Anything else are converted using `#to_f`.
 *
 * This is slightly stricter than `String#to_f`.
 *
 * @param[in]  val            An object to convert.
 * @exception  rb_eArgError   Malformed `val` passed.
 * @exception  rb_eTypeError  No conversion defined.
 * @return     An instance of ::rb_cFloat.
 */
VALUE rb_Float(VALUE val);

/**
 * This is the logic behind  `Kernel#String`.  Arguments are converted by first
 * trying `#to_str`, then `#to_s`.
 *
 * @param[in]  val            An object to convert.
 * @exception  rb_eTypeError  No conversion defined.
 * @return     An instance of ::rb_cString.
 */
VALUE rb_String(VALUE val);

/**
 * This is the  logic behind `Kernel#Array`.  Arguments are  converted by first
 * trying `#to_ary`,  then `#to_a`,  and if  both failed,  returns an  array of
 * length 1 that contains the passed argument as the sole contents.
 *
 * @param[in]  val  An object to convert.
 * @return     An instance of ::rb_cArray.
 */
VALUE rb_Array(VALUE val);

/**
 * This is  the logic behind  `Kernel#Hash`.  Arguments are converted  by first
 * trying `#to_hash`.  if it failed, and  the argument is either ::RUBY_Qnil or
 * an empty array, returns an empty hash.  Otherwise an exception is raised.
 *
 * @param[in]  val            An object to convert.
 * @exception  rb_eTypeError  No conversion defined.
 * @return     An instance of ::rb_cHash.
 */
VALUE rb_Hash(VALUE val);

RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(())
/**
 * Converts a textual representation of a  real number into a numeric, which is
 * the nearest value that the return type  can represent, of the value that the
 * argument represents.  This is in fact  a 2-in-1 function whose behaviour can
 * be controlled using  the second (mode) argument.  If the  mode is zero, this
 * function is in "historical"  mode which only understands "floating-constant"
 * defined at ISO/IEC 9899:1990 section 6.1.3.1.  If the mode is nonzero, it is
 * in  "extended"  mode,  which  also  accepts  "hexadecimal-floating-constant"
 * defined at ISO/IEC 9899:2018 section 6.4.4.2.
 *
 * @param[in]  str           A textual representation of a real number.
 * @param[in]  mode          Conversion mode, as described above.
 * @exception  rb_eArgError  Malformed `str` passed.
 * @see        https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/2969
 * @note       Null pointers are allowed, and it returns 0.0 then.
 */
double rb_cstr_to_dbl(const char *str, int mode);

/**
 * Identical to rb_cstr_to_dbl(), except it  accepts a Ruby's string instead of
 * C's.
 *
 * @param[in]  str           A textual representation of a real number.
 * @param[in]  mode          Conversion mode, as described in rb_cstr_to_dbl().
 * @exception  rb_eArgError  Malformed `str` passed.
 * @see        https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/2969
 */
double rb_str_to_dbl(VALUE str, int mode);

RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()

#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_OBJECT_H */

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