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Edit File : perlcheat.pod \| Size : 4.38 KB
=head1 NAME perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet =head1 DESCRIPTION This 'cheat sheet' is a handy reference, meant for beginning Perl programmers. Not everything is mentioned, but 195 features may already be overwhelming. =head2 The sheet CONTEXTS SIGILS ref ARRAYS HASHES void $scalar SCALAR @array %hash scalar @array ARRAY @array[0, 2] @hash{'a', 'b'} list %hash HASH $array[0] $hash{'a'} &sub CODE glob GLOB SCALAR VALUES FORMAT number, string, ref, glob, undef REFERENCES \ reference $$foo[1] aka $foo->[1] $@%& dereference $$foo{bar} aka $foo->{bar} [] anon. arrayref ${$$foo[1]}[2] aka $foo->[1]->[2] {} anon. hashref ${$$foo[1]}[2] aka $foo->[1][2] \() list of refs SYNTAX OPERATOR PRECEDENCE foreach (LIST) { } for (a;b;c) { } -> while (e) { } until (e) { } ++ -- if (e) { } elsif (e) { } else { } ** unless (e) { } elsif (e) { } else { } ! ~ \ u+ u- given (e) { when (e) {} default {} } =~ !~ * / % x NUMBERS vs STRINGS FALSE vs TRUE + - . = = undef, "", 0, "0" << >> + . anything else named uops == != eq ne < > <= >= lt gt le ge < > <= >= lt gt le ge == != <=> eq ne cmp ~~ <=> cmp & \| ^ REGEX MODIFIERS REGEX METACHARS && /i case insensitive ^ string begin \|\| // /m line based ^$ $ str end (bfr \n) .. ... /s . includes \n + one or more ?: /x /xx ign. wh.space * zero or more = += last goto /p preserve ? zero or one , => /a ASCII /aa safe {3,7} repeat in range list ops /l locale /d dual \| alternation not /u Unicode [] character class and /e evaluate /ee rpts \b boundary or xor /g global \z string end /o compile pat once () capture DEBUG (?:p) no capture -MO=Deparse REGEX CHARCLASSES (?#t) comment -MO=Terse . [^\n] (?=p) ZW pos ahead -D## \s whitespace (?!p) ZW neg ahead -d:Trace \w word chars (?<=p) ZW pos behind \K \d digits (?<!p) ZW neg behind CONFIGURATION \pP named property (?>p) no backtrack perl -V:ivsize \h horiz.wh.space (?\|p\|p)branch reset \R linebreak (?<n>p)named capture \S \W \D \H negate \g{n} ref to named cap \K keep left part FUNCTION RETURN LISTS stat localtime caller SPECIAL VARIABLES 0 dev 0 second 0 package $_ default variable 1 ino 1 minute 1 filename $0 program name 2 mode 2 hour 2 line $/ input separator 3 nlink 3 day 3 subroutine $\ output separator 4 uid 4 month-1 4 hasargs $\| autoflush 5 gid 5 year-1900 5 wantarray $! sys/libcall error 6 rdev 6 weekday 6 evaltext $@ eval error 7 size 7 yearday 7 is_require $$ process ID 8 atime 8 is_dst 8 hints $. line number 9 mtime 9 bitmask @ARGV command line args 10 ctime 10 hinthash @INC include paths 11 blksz 3..10 only @_ subroutine args 12 blcks with EXPR %ENV environment =head1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The first version of this document appeared on Perl Monks, where several people had useful suggestions. Thank you, Perl Monks. A special thanks to Damian Conway, who didn't only suggest important changes, but also took the time to count the number of listed features and make a Perl 6 version to show that Perl will stay Perl. =head1 AUTHOR Juerd Waalboer <#####@juerd.nl>, with the help of many Perl Monks. =head1 SEE ALSO =over 4 =item * L<http://perlmonks.org/?node_id=216602> - the original PM post =item * L<http://perlmonks.org/?node_id=238031> - Damian Conway's Perl 6 version =item * L<http://juerd.nl/site.plp/perlcheat> - home of the Perl Cheat Sheet =back Back

Edit File : perlcheat.pod | Size : 4.38 KB

=head1 NAME

perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet

=head1 DESCRIPTION

This 'cheat sheet' is a handy reference, meant for beginning Perl
programmers. Not everything is mentioned, but 195 features may
already be overwhelming.

=head2 The sheet

CONTEXTS  SIGILS  ref        ARRAYS        HASHES
  void      $scalar SCALAR     @array        %hash
  scalar    @array  ARRAY      @array[0, 2]  @hash{'a', 'b'}
  list      %hash   HASH       $array[0]     $hash{'a'}
            &sub    CODE
            *glob   GLOB       SCALAR VALUES
                    FORMAT     number, string, ref, glob, undef
  REFERENCES
  \      reference       $$foo[1]       aka $foo->[1]
  $@%&*  dereference     $$foo{bar}     aka $foo->{bar}
  []     anon. arrayref  ${$$foo[1]}[2] aka $foo->[1]->[2]
  {}     anon. hashref   ${$$foo[1]}[2] aka $foo->[1][2]
  \()    list of refs
                         SYNTAX
  OPERATOR PRECEDENCE    foreach (LIST) { }     for (a;b;c) { }
  ->                     while   (e) { }        until (e)   { }
  ++ --                  if      (e) { } elsif (e) { } else { }
  **                     unless  (e) { } elsif (e) { } else { }
  ! ~ \ u+ u-            given   (e) { when (e) {} default {} }
  =~ !~
  * / % x                 NUMBERS vs STRINGS  FALSE vs TRUE
  + - .                   =          =        undef, "", 0, "0"
  << >>                   +          .        anything else
  named uops              == !=      eq ne
  < > <= >= lt gt le ge   < > <= >=  lt gt le ge
  == != <=> eq ne cmp ~~  <=>        cmp
  &
  | ^             REGEX MODIFIERS       REGEX METACHARS
  &&              /i case insensitive   ^      string begin
  || //           /m line based ^$      $      str end (bfr \n)
  .. ...          /s . includes \n      +      one or more
  ?:              /x /xx ign. wh.space  *      zero or more
  = += last goto  /p preserve           ?      zero or one
  , =>            /a ASCII    /aa safe  {3,7}  repeat in range
  list ops        /l locale   /d  dual  |      alternation
  not             /u Unicode            []     character class
  and             /e evaluate /ee rpts  \b     boundary
  or xor          /g global             \z     string end
                  /o compile pat once   ()     capture
  DEBUG                                 (?:p)  no capture
  -MO=Deparse     REGEX CHARCLASSES     (?#t)  comment
  -MO=Terse       .   [^\n]             (?=p)  ZW pos ahead
  -D##            \s  whitespace        (?!p)  ZW neg ahead
  -d:Trace        \w  word chars        (?<=p) ZW pos behind \K
                  \d  digits            (?<!p) ZW neg behind
  CONFIGURATION   \pP named property    (?>p)  no backtrack
  perl -V:ivsize  \h  horiz.wh.space    (?|p|p)branch reset
                  \R  linebreak         (?<n>p)named capture
                  \S \W \D \H negate    \g{n}  ref to named cap
                                        \K     keep left part
  FUNCTION RETURN LISTS
  stat      localtime    caller         SPECIAL VARIABLES
   0 dev    0 second      0 package     $_    default variable
   1 ino    1 minute      1 filename    $0    program name
   2 mode   2 hour        2 line        $/    input separator
   3 nlink  3 day         3 subroutine  $\    output separator
   4 uid    4 month-1     4 hasargs     $|    autoflush
   5 gid    5 year-1900   5 wantarray   $!    sys/libcall error
   6 rdev   6 weekday     6 evaltext    $@    eval error
   7 size   7 yearday     7 is_require  $$    process ID
   8 atime  8 is_dst      8 hints       $.    line number
   9 mtime                9 bitmask     @ARGV command line args
  10 ctime               10 hinthash    @INC  include paths
  11 blksz               3..10 only     @_    subroutine args
  12 blcks               with EXPR      %ENV  environment

=head1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The first version of this document appeared on Perl Monks, where several
people had useful suggestions. Thank you, Perl Monks.

A special thanks to Damian Conway, who didn't only suggest important changes,
but also took the time to count the number of listed features and make a
Perl 6 version to show that Perl will stay Perl.

=head1 AUTHOR

Juerd Waalboer <#####@juerd.nl>, with the help of many Perl Monks.

=head1 SEE ALSO

=over 4

=item *

L<http://perlmonks.org/?node_id=216602> - the original PM post

=item *

L<http://perlmonks.org/?node_id=238031> - Damian Conway's Perl 6 version

=item *

L<http://juerd.nl/site.plp/perlcheat> - home of the Perl Cheat Sheet

=back

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