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Edit File : smtpd.py \| Size : 29.29 KB
#! /opt/alt/python34/bin/python3.4 """An RFC 5321 smtp proxy. Usage: %(program)s [options] [localhost:localport [remotehost:remoteport]] Options: --nosetuid -n This program generally tries to setuid `nobody', unless this flag is set. The setuid call will fail if this program is not run as root (in which case, use this flag). --version -V Print the version number and exit. --class classname -c classname Use `classname' as the concrete SMTP proxy class. Uses `PureProxy' by default. --size limit -s limit Restrict the total size of the incoming message to "limit" number of bytes via the RFC 1870 SIZE extension. Defaults to 33554432 bytes. --debug -d Turn on debugging prints. --help -h Print this message and exit. Version: %(__version__)s If localhost is not given then `localhost' is used, and if localport is not given then 8025 is used. If remotehost is not given then `localhost' is used, and if remoteport is not given, then 25 is used. """ # Overview: # # This file implements the minimal SMTP protocol as defined in RFC 5321. It # has a hierarchy of classes which implement the backend functionality for the # smtpd. A number of classes are provided: # # SMTPServer - the base class for the backend. Raises NotImplementedError # if you try to use it. # # DebuggingServer - simply prints each message it receives on stdout. # # PureProxy - Proxies all messages to a real smtpd which does final # delivery. One known problem with this class is that it doesn't handle # SMTP errors from the backend server at all. This should be fixed # (contributions are welcome!). # # MailmanProxy - An experimental hack to work with GNU Mailman # <www.list.org>. Using this server as your real incoming smtpd, your # mailhost will automatically recognize and accept mail destined to Mailman # lists when those lists are created. Every message not destined for a list # gets forwarded to a real backend smtpd, as with PureProxy. Again, errors # are not handled correctly yet. # # # Author: Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org> # # TODO: # # - support mailbox delivery # - alias files # - Handle more ESMTP extensions # - handle error codes from the backend smtpd import sys import os import errno import getopt import time import socket import asyncore import asynchat import collections from warnings import warn from email._header_value_parser import get_addr_spec, get_angle_addr __all__ = ["SMTPServer","DebuggingServer","PureProxy","MailmanProxy"] program = sys.argv[0] __version__ = 'Python SMTP proxy version 0.3' class Devnull: def write(self, msg): pass def flush(self): pass DEBUGSTREAM = Devnull() NEWLINE = '\n' EMPTYSTRING = '' COMMASPACE = ', ' DATA_SIZE_DEFAULT = 33554432 def usage(code, msg=''): print(__doc__ % globals(), file=sys.stderr) if msg: print(msg, file=sys.stderr) sys.exit(code) class SMTPChannel(asynchat.async_chat): COMMAND = 0 DATA = 1 command_size_limit = 512 command_size_limits = collections.defaultdict(lambda x=command_size_limit: x) command_size_limits.update({ 'MAIL': command_size_limit + 26, }) max_command_size_limit = max(command_size_limits.values()) def __init__(self, server, conn, addr, data_size_limit=DATA_SIZE_DEFAULT, map=None): asynchat.async_chat.__init__(self, conn, map=map) self.smtp_server = server self.conn = conn self.addr = addr self.data_size_limit = data_size_limit self.received_lines = [] self.smtp_state = self.COMMAND self.seen_greeting = '' self.mailfrom = None self.rcpttos = [] self.received_data = '' self.fqdn = socket.getfqdn() self.num_bytes = 0 try: self.peer = conn.getpeername() except OSError as err: # a race condition may occur if the other end is closing # before we can get the peername self.close() if err.args[0] != errno.ENOTCONN: raise return print('Peer:', repr(self.peer), file=DEBUGSTREAM) self.push('220 %s %s' % (self.fqdn, __version__)) self.set_terminator(b'\r\n') self.extended_smtp = False # properties for backwards-compatibility @property def __server(self): warn("Access to __server attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, " "use 'smtp_server' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2) return self.smtp_server @__server.setter def __server(self, value): warn("Setting __server attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, " "set 'smtp_server' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2) self.smtp_server = value @property def __line(self): warn("Access to __line attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, " "use 'received_lines' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2) return self.received_lines @__line.setter def __line(self, value): warn("Setting __line attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, " "set 'received_lines' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2) self.received_lines = value @property def __state(self): warn("Access to __state attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, " "use 'smtp_state' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2) return self.smtp_state @__state.setter def __state(self, value): warn("Setting __state attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, " "set 'smtp_state' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2) self.smtp_state = value @property def __greeting(self): warn("Access to __greeting attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, " "use 'seen_greeting' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2) return self.seen_greeting @__greeting.setter def __greeting(self, value): warn("Setting __greeting attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, " "set 'seen_greeting' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2) self.seen_greeting = value @property def __mailfrom(self): warn("Access to __mailfrom attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, " "use 'mailfrom' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2) return self.mailfrom @__mailfrom.setter def __mailfrom(self, value): warn("Setting __mailfrom attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, " "set 'mailfrom' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2) self.mailfrom = value @property def __rcpttos(self): warn("Access to __rcpttos attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, " "use 'rcpttos' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2) return self.rcpttos @__rcpttos.setter def __rcpttos(self, value): warn("Setting __rcpttos attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, " "set 'rcpttos' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2) self.rcpttos = value @property def __data(self): warn("Access to __data attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, " "use 'received_data' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2) return self.received_data @__data.setter def __data(self, value): warn("Setting __data attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, " "set 'received_data' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2) self.received_data = value @property def __fqdn(self): warn("Access to __fqdn attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, " "use 'fqdn' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2) return self.fqdn @__fqdn.setter def __fqdn(self, value): warn("Setting __fqdn attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, " "set 'fqdn' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2) self.fqdn = value @property def __peer(self): warn("Access to __peer attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, " "use 'peer' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2) return self.peer @__peer.setter def __peer(self, value): warn("Setting __peer attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, " "set 'peer' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2) self.peer = value @property def __conn(self): warn("Access to __conn attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, " "use 'conn' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2) return self.conn @__conn.setter def __conn(self, value): warn("Setting __conn attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, " "set 'conn' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2) self.conn = value @property def __addr(self): warn("Access to __addr attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, " "use 'addr' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2) return self.addr @__addr.setter def __addr(self, value): warn("Setting __addr attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, " "set 'addr' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2) self.addr = value # Overrides base class for convenience def push(self, msg): asynchat.async_chat.push(self, bytes(msg + '\r\n', 'ascii')) # Implementation of base class abstract method def collect_incoming_data(self, data): limit = None if self.smtp_state == self.COMMAND: limit = self.max_command_size_limit elif self.smtp_state == self.DATA: limit = self.data_size_limit if limit and self.num_bytes > limit: return elif limit: self.num_bytes += len(data) self.received_lines.append(str(data, "utf-8")) # Implementation of base class abstract method def found_terminator(self): line = EMPTYSTRING.join(self.received_lines) print('Data:', repr(line), file=DEBUGSTREAM) self.received_lines = [] if self.smtp_state == self.COMMAND: sz, self.num_bytes = self.num_bytes, 0 if not line: self.push('500 Error: bad syntax') return method = None i = line.find(' ') if i < 0: command = line.upper() arg = None else: command = line[:i].upper() arg = line[i+1:].strip() max_sz = (self.command_size_limits[command] if self.extended_smtp else self.command_size_limit) if sz > max_sz: self.push('500 Error: line too long') return method = getattr(self, 'smtp_' + command, None) if not method: self.push('500 Error: command "%s" not recognized' % command) return method(arg) return else: if self.smtp_state != self.DATA: self.push('451 Internal confusion') self.num_bytes = 0 return if self.data_size_limit and self.num_bytes > self.data_size_limit: self.push('552 Error: Too much mail data') self.num_bytes = 0 return # Remove extraneous carriage returns and de-transparency according # to RFC 5321, Section 4.5.2. data = [] for text in line.split('\r\n'): if text and text[0] == '.': data.append(text[1:]) else: data.append(text) self.received_data = NEWLINE.join(data) status = self.smtp_server.process_message(self.peer, self.mailfrom, self.rcpttos, self.received_data) self.rcpttos = [] self.mailfrom = None self.smtp_state = self.COMMAND self.num_bytes = 0 self.set_terminator(b'\r\n') if not status: self.push('250 OK') else: self.push(status) # SMTP and ESMTP commands def smtp_HELO(self, arg): if not arg: self.push('501 Syntax: HELO hostname') return if self.seen_greeting: self.push('503 Duplicate HELO/EHLO') else: self.seen_greeting = arg self.extended_smtp = False self.push('250 %s' % self.fqdn) def smtp_EHLO(self, arg): if not arg: self.push('501 Syntax: EHLO hostname') return if self.seen_greeting: self.push('503 Duplicate HELO/EHLO') else: self.seen_greeting = arg self.extended_smtp = True self.push('250-%s' % self.fqdn) if self.data_size_limit: self.push('250-SIZE %s' % self.data_size_limit) self.push('250 HELP') def smtp_NOOP(self, arg): if arg: self.push('501 Syntax: NOOP') else: self.push('250 OK') def smtp_QUIT(self, arg): # args is ignored self.push('221 Bye') self.close_when_done() def _strip_command_keyword(self, keyword, arg): keylen = len(keyword) if arg[:keylen].upper() == keyword: return arg[keylen:].strip() return '' def _getaddr(self, arg): if not arg: return '', '' if arg.lstrip().startswith('<'): address, rest = get_angle_addr(arg) else: address, rest = get_addr_spec(arg) if not address: return address, rest return address.addr_spec, rest def _getparams(self, params): # Return any parameters that appear to be syntactically valid according # to RFC 1869, ignore all others. (Postel rule: accept what we can.) params = [param.split('=', 1) for param in params.split() if '=' in param] return {k: v for k, v in params if k.isalnum()} def smtp_HELP(self, arg): if arg: extended = ' [SP <mail-parameters>]' lc_arg = arg.upper() if lc_arg == 'EHLO': self.push('250 Syntax: EHLO hostname') elif lc_arg == 'HELO': self.push('250 Syntax: HELO hostname') elif lc_arg == 'MAIL': msg = '250 Syntax: MAIL FROM: <address>' if self.extended_smtp: msg += extended self.push(msg) elif lc_arg == 'RCPT': msg = '250 Syntax: RCPT TO: <address>' if self.extended_smtp: msg += extended self.push(msg) elif lc_arg == 'DATA': self.push('250 Syntax: DATA') elif lc_arg == 'RSET': self.push('250 Syntax: RSET') elif lc_arg == 'NOOP': self.push('250 Syntax: NOOP') elif lc_arg == 'QUIT': self.push('250 Syntax: QUIT') elif lc_arg == 'VRFY': self.push('250 Syntax: VRFY <address>') else: self.push('501 Supported commands: EHLO HELO MAIL RCPT ' 'DATA RSET NOOP QUIT VRFY') else: self.push('250 Supported commands: EHLO HELO MAIL RCPT DATA ' 'RSET NOOP QUIT VRFY') def smtp_VRFY(self, arg): if arg: address, params = self._getaddr(arg) if address: self.push('252 Cannot VRFY user, but will accept message ' 'and attempt delivery') else: self.push('502 Could not VRFY %s' % arg) else: self.push('501 Syntax: VRFY <address>') def smtp_MAIL(self, arg): if not self.seen_greeting: self.push('503 Error: send HELO first'); return print('===> MAIL', arg, file=DEBUGSTREAM) syntaxerr = '501 Syntax: MAIL FROM: <address>' if self.extended_smtp: syntaxerr += ' [SP <mail-parameters>]' if arg is None: self.push(syntaxerr) return arg = self._strip_command_keyword('FROM:', arg) address, params = self._getaddr(arg) if not address: self.push(syntaxerr) return if not self.extended_smtp and params: self.push(syntaxerr) return if self.mailfrom: self.push('503 Error: nested MAIL command') return params = self._getparams(params.upper()) if params is None: self.push(syntaxerr) return size = params.pop('SIZE', None) if size: if not size.isdigit(): self.push(syntaxerr) return elif self.data_size_limit and int(size) > self.data_size_limit: self.push('552 Error: message size exceeds fixed maximum message size') return if len(params.keys()) > 0: self.push('555 MAIL FROM parameters not recognized or not implemented') return self.mailfrom = address print('sender:', self.mailfrom, file=DEBUGSTREAM) self.push('250 OK') def smtp_RCPT(self, arg): if not self.seen_greeting: self.push('503 Error: send HELO first'); return print('===> RCPT', arg, file=DEBUGSTREAM) if not self.mailfrom: self.push('503 Error: need MAIL command') return syntaxerr = '501 Syntax: RCPT TO: <address>' if self.extended_smtp: syntaxerr += ' [SP <mail-parameters>]' if arg is None: self.push(syntaxerr) return arg = self._strip_command_keyword('TO:', arg) address, params = self._getaddr(arg) if not address: self.push(syntaxerr) return if params: if self.extended_smtp: params = self._getparams(params.upper()) if params is None: self.push(syntaxerr) return else: self.push(syntaxerr) return if params and len(params.keys()) > 0: self.push('555 RCPT TO parameters not recognized or not implemented') return self.rcpttos.append(address) print('recips:', self.rcpttos, file=DEBUGSTREAM) self.push('250 OK') def smtp_RSET(self, arg): if arg: self.push('501 Syntax: RSET') return # Resets the sender, recipients, and data, but not the greeting self.mailfrom = None self.rcpttos = [] self.received_data = '' self.smtp_state = self.COMMAND self.push('250 OK') def smtp_DATA(self, arg): if not self.seen_greeting: self.push('503 Error: send HELO first'); return if not self.rcpttos: self.push('503 Error: need RCPT command') return if arg: self.push('501 Syntax: DATA') return self.smtp_state = self.DATA self.set_terminator(b'\r\n.\r\n') self.push('354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>') # Commands that have not been implemented def smtp_EXPN(self, arg): self.push('502 EXPN not implemented') class SMTPServer(asyncore.dispatcher): # SMTPChannel class to use for managing client connections channel_class = SMTPChannel def __init__(self, localaddr, remoteaddr, data_size_limit=DATA_SIZE_DEFAULT, map=None): self._localaddr = localaddr self._remoteaddr = remoteaddr self.data_size_limit = data_size_limit asyncore.dispatcher.__init__(self, map=map) try: self.create_socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) # try to re-use a server port if possible self.set_reuse_addr() self.bind(localaddr) self.listen(5) except: self.close() raise else: print('%s started at %s\n\tLocal addr: %s\n\tRemote addr:%s' % ( self.__class__.__name__, time.ctime(time.time()), localaddr, remoteaddr), file=DEBUGSTREAM) def handle_accepted(self, conn, addr): print('Incoming connection from %s' % repr(addr), file=DEBUGSTREAM) channel = self.channel_class(self, conn, addr, self.data_size_limit, self._map) # API for "doing something useful with the message" def process_message(self, peer, mailfrom, rcpttos, data): """Override this abstract method to handle messages from the client. peer is a tuple containing (ipaddr, port) of the client that made the socket connection to our smtp port. mailfrom is the raw address the client claims the message is coming from. rcpttos is a list of raw addresses the client wishes to deliver the message to. data is a string containing the entire full text of the message, headers (if supplied) and all. It has been `de-transparencied' according to RFC 821, Section 4.5.2. In other words, a line containing a `.' followed by other text has had the leading dot removed. This function should return None, for a normal `250 Ok' response; otherwise it returns the desired response string in RFC 821 format. """ raise NotImplementedError class DebuggingServer(SMTPServer): # Do something with the gathered message def process_message(self, peer, mailfrom, rcpttos, data): inheaders = 1 lines = data.split('\n') print('---------- MESSAGE FOLLOWS ----------') for line in lines: # headers first if inheaders and not line: print('X-Peer:', peer[0]) inheaders = 0 print(line) print('------------ END MESSAGE ------------') class PureProxy(SMTPServer): def process_message(self, peer, mailfrom, rcpttos, data): lines = data.split('\n') # Look for the last header i = 0 for line in lines: if not line: break i += 1 lines.insert(i, 'X-Peer: %s' % peer[0]) data = NEWLINE.join(lines) refused = self._deliver(mailfrom, rcpttos, data) # TBD: what to do with refused addresses? print('we got some refusals:', refused, file=DEBUGSTREAM) def _deliver(self, mailfrom, rcpttos, data): import smtplib refused = {} try: s = smtplib.SMTP() s.connect(self._remoteaddr[0], self._remoteaddr[1]) try: refused = s.sendmail(mailfrom, rcpttos, data) finally: s.quit() except smtplib.SMTPRecipientsRefused as e: print('got SMTPRecipientsRefused', file=DEBUGSTREAM) refused = e.recipients except (OSError, smtplib.SMTPException) as e: print('got', e.__class__, file=DEBUGSTREAM) # All recipients were refused. If the exception had an associated # error code, use it. Otherwise,fake it with a non-triggering # exception code. errcode = getattr(e, 'smtp_code', -1) errmsg = getattr(e, 'smtp_error', 'ignore') for r in rcpttos: refused[r] = (errcode, errmsg) return refused class MailmanProxy(PureProxy): def process_message(self, peer, mailfrom, rcpttos, data): from io import StringIO from Mailman import Utils from Mailman import Message from Mailman import MailList # If the message is to a Mailman mailing list, then we'll invoke the # Mailman script directly, without going through the real smtpd. # Otherwise we'll forward it to the local proxy for disposition. listnames = [] for rcpt in rcpttos: local = rcpt.lower().split('@')[0] # We allow the following variations on the theme # listname # listname-admin # listname-owner # listname-request # listname-join # listname-leave parts = local.split('-') if len(parts) > 2: continue listname = parts[0] if len(parts) == 2: command = parts[1] else: command = '' if not Utils.list_exists(listname) or command not in ( '', 'admin', 'owner', 'request', 'join', 'leave'): continue listnames.append((rcpt, listname, command)) # Remove all list recipients from rcpttos and forward what we're not # going to take care of ourselves. Linear removal should be fine # since we don't expect a large number of recipients. for rcpt, listname, command in listnames: rcpttos.remove(rcpt) # If there's any non-list destined recipients left, print('forwarding recips:', ' '.join(rcpttos), file=DEBUGSTREAM) if rcpttos: refused = self._deliver(mailfrom, rcpttos, data) # TBD: what to do with refused addresses? print('we got refusals:', refused, file=DEBUGSTREAM) # Now deliver directly to the list commands mlists = {} s = StringIO(data) msg = Message.Message(s) # These headers are required for the proper execution of Mailman. All # MTAs in existence seem to add these if the original message doesn't # have them. if not msg.get('from'): msg['From'] = mailfrom if not msg.get('date'): msg['Date'] = time.ctime(time.time()) for rcpt, listname, command in listnames: print('sending message to', rcpt, file=DEBUGSTREAM) mlist = mlists.get(listname) if not mlist: mlist = MailList.MailList(listname, lock=0) mlists[listname] = mlist # dispatch on the type of command if command == '': # post msg.Enqueue(mlist, tolist=1) elif command == 'admin': msg.Enqueue(mlist, toadmin=1) elif command == 'owner': msg.Enqueue(mlist, toowner=1) elif command == 'request': msg.Enqueue(mlist, torequest=1) elif command in ('join', 'leave'): # TBD: this is a hack! if command == 'join': msg['Subject'] = 'subscribe' else: msg['Subject'] = 'unsubscribe' msg.Enqueue(mlist, torequest=1) class Options: setuid = 1 classname = 'PureProxy' size_limit = None def parseargs(): global DEBUGSTREAM try: opts, args = getopt.getopt( sys.argv[1:], 'nVhc:s:d', ['class=', 'nosetuid', 'version', 'help', 'size=', 'debug']) except getopt.error as e: usage(1, e) options = Options() for opt, arg in opts: if opt in ('-h', '--help'): usage(0) elif opt in ('-V', '--version'): print(__version__) sys.exit(0) elif opt in ('-n', '--nosetuid'): options.setuid = 0 elif opt in ('-c', '--class'): options.classname = arg elif opt in ('-d', '--debug'): DEBUGSTREAM = sys.stderr elif opt in ('-s', '--size'): try: int_size = int(arg) options.size_limit = int_size except: print('Invalid size: ' + arg, file=sys.stderr) sys.exit(1) # parse the rest of the arguments if len(args) < 1: localspec = 'localhost:8025' remotespec = 'localhost:25' elif len(args) < 2: localspec = args[0] remotespec = 'localhost:25' elif len(args) < 3: localspec = args[0] remotespec = args[1] else: usage(1, 'Invalid arguments: %s' % COMMASPACE.join(args)) # split into host/port pairs i = localspec.find(':') if i < 0: usage(1, 'Bad local spec: %s' % localspec) options.localhost = localspec[:i] try: options.localport = int(localspec[i+1:]) except ValueError: usage(1, 'Bad local port: %s' % localspec) i = remotespec.find(':') if i < 0: usage(1, 'Bad remote spec: %s' % remotespec) options.remotehost = remotespec[:i] try: options.remoteport = int(remotespec[i+1:]) except ValueError: usage(1, 'Bad remote port: %s' % remotespec) return options if __name__ == '__main__': options = parseargs() # Become nobody classname = options.classname if "." in classname: lastdot = classname.rfind(".") mod = __import__(classname[:lastdot], globals(), locals(), [""]) classname = classname[lastdot+1:] else: import __main__ as mod class_ = getattr(mod, classname) proxy = class_((options.localhost, options.localport), (options.remotehost, options.remoteport), options.size_limit) if options.setuid: try: import pwd except ImportError: print('Cannot import module "pwd"; try running with -n option.', file=sys.stderr) sys.exit(1) nobody = pwd.getpwnam('nobody')[2] try: os.setuid(nobody) except PermissionError: print('Cannot setuid "nobody"; try running with -n option.', file=sys.stderr) sys.exit(1) try: asyncore.loop() except KeyboardInterrupt: pass Back

Edit File : smtpd.py | Size : 29.29 KB

#! /opt/alt/python34/bin/python3.4
"""An RFC 5321 smtp proxy.

Usage: %(program)s [options] [localhost:localport [remotehost:remoteport]]

Options:

--nosetuid
    -n
        This program generally tries to setuid `nobody', unless this flag is
        set.  The setuid call will fail if this program is not run as root (in
        which case, use this flag).

--version
    -V
        Print the version number and exit.

--class classname
    -c classname
        Use `classname' as the concrete SMTP proxy class.  Uses `PureProxy' by
        default.

--size limit
    -s limit
        Restrict the total size of the incoming message to "limit" number of
        bytes via the RFC 1870 SIZE extension.  Defaults to 33554432 bytes.

--debug
    -d
        Turn on debugging prints.

--help
    -h
        Print this message and exit.

Version: %(__version__)s

If localhost is not given then `localhost' is used, and if localport is not
given then 8025 is used.  If remotehost is not given then `localhost' is used,
and if remoteport is not given, then 25 is used.
"""

# Overview:
#
# This file implements the minimal SMTP protocol as defined in RFC 5321.  It
# has a hierarchy of classes which implement the backend functionality for the
# smtpd.  A number of classes are provided:
#
#   SMTPServer - the base class for the backend.  Raises NotImplementedError
#   if you try to use it.
#
#   DebuggingServer - simply prints each message it receives on stdout.
#
#   PureProxy - Proxies all messages to a real smtpd which does final
#   delivery.  One known problem with this class is that it doesn't handle
#   SMTP errors from the backend server at all.  This should be fixed
#   (contributions are welcome!).
#
#   MailmanProxy - An experimental hack to work with GNU Mailman
#   <www.list.org>.  Using this server as your real incoming smtpd, your
#   mailhost will automatically recognize and accept mail destined to Mailman
#   lists when those lists are created.  Every message not destined for a list
#   gets forwarded to a real backend smtpd, as with PureProxy.  Again, errors
#   are not handled correctly yet.
#
#
# Author: Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
#
# TODO:
#
# - support mailbox delivery
# - alias files
# - Handle more ESMTP extensions
# - handle error codes from the backend smtpd

import sys
import os
import errno
import getopt
import time
import socket
import asyncore
import asynchat
import collections
from warnings import warn
from email._header_value_parser import get_addr_spec, get_angle_addr

__all__ = ["SMTPServer","DebuggingServer","PureProxy","MailmanProxy"]

program = sys.argv[0]
__version__ = 'Python SMTP proxy version 0.3'

class Devnull:
    def write(self, msg): pass
    def flush(self): pass

DEBUGSTREAM = Devnull()
NEWLINE = '\n'
EMPTYSTRING = ''
COMMASPACE = ', '
DATA_SIZE_DEFAULT = 33554432

def usage(code, msg=''):
    print(__doc__ % globals(), file=sys.stderr)
    if msg:
        print(msg, file=sys.stderr)
    sys.exit(code)

class SMTPChannel(asynchat.async_chat):
    COMMAND = 0
    DATA = 1

command_size_limit = 512
    command_size_limits = collections.defaultdict(lambda x=command_size_limit: x)
    command_size_limits.update({
        'MAIL': command_size_limit + 26,
        })
    max_command_size_limit = max(command_size_limits.values())

def __init__(self, server, conn, addr, data_size_limit=DATA_SIZE_DEFAULT,
                 map=None):
        asynchat.async_chat.__init__(self, conn, map=map)
        self.smtp_server = server
        self.conn = conn
        self.addr = addr
        self.data_size_limit = data_size_limit
        self.received_lines = []
        self.smtp_state = self.COMMAND
        self.seen_greeting = ''
        self.mailfrom = None
        self.rcpttos = []
        self.received_data = ''
        self.fqdn = socket.getfqdn()
        self.num_bytes = 0
        try:
            self.peer = conn.getpeername()
        except OSError as err:
            # a race condition  may occur if the other end is closing
            # before we can get the peername
            self.close()
            if err.args[0] != errno.ENOTCONN:
                raise
            return
        print('Peer:', repr(self.peer), file=DEBUGSTREAM)
        self.push('220 %s %s' % (self.fqdn, __version__))
        self.set_terminator(b'\r\n')
        self.extended_smtp = False

# properties for backwards-compatibility
    @property
    def __server(self):
        warn("Access to __server attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
            "use 'smtp_server' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        return self.smtp_server
    @__server.setter
    def __server(self, value):
        warn("Setting __server attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
            "set 'smtp_server' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        self.smtp_server = value

@property
    def __line(self):
        warn("Access to __line attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
            "use 'received_lines' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        return self.received_lines
    @__line.setter
    def __line(self, value):
        warn("Setting __line attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
            "set 'received_lines' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        self.received_lines = value

@property
    def __state(self):
        warn("Access to __state attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
            "use 'smtp_state' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        return self.smtp_state
    @__state.setter
    def __state(self, value):
        warn("Setting __state attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
            "set 'smtp_state' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        self.smtp_state = value

@property
    def __greeting(self):
        warn("Access to __greeting attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
            "use 'seen_greeting' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        return self.seen_greeting
    @__greeting.setter
    def __greeting(self, value):
        warn("Setting __greeting attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
            "set 'seen_greeting' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        self.seen_greeting = value

@property
    def __mailfrom(self):
        warn("Access to __mailfrom attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
            "use 'mailfrom' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        return self.mailfrom
    @__mailfrom.setter
    def __mailfrom(self, value):
        warn("Setting __mailfrom attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
            "set 'mailfrom' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        self.mailfrom = value

@property
    def __rcpttos(self):
        warn("Access to __rcpttos attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
            "use 'rcpttos' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        return self.rcpttos
    @__rcpttos.setter
    def __rcpttos(self, value):
        warn("Setting __rcpttos attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
            "set 'rcpttos' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        self.rcpttos = value

@property
    def __data(self):
        warn("Access to __data attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
            "use 'received_data' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        return self.received_data
    @__data.setter
    def __data(self, value):
        warn("Setting __data attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
            "set 'received_data' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        self.received_data = value

@property
    def __fqdn(self):
        warn("Access to __fqdn attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
            "use 'fqdn' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        return self.fqdn
    @__fqdn.setter
    def __fqdn(self, value):
        warn("Setting __fqdn attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
            "set 'fqdn' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        self.fqdn = value

@property
    def __peer(self):
        warn("Access to __peer attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
            "use 'peer' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        return self.peer
    @__peer.setter
    def __peer(self, value):
        warn("Setting __peer attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
            "set 'peer' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        self.peer = value

@property
    def __conn(self):
        warn("Access to __conn attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
            "use 'conn' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        return self.conn
    @__conn.setter
    def __conn(self, value):
        warn("Setting __conn attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
            "set 'conn' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        self.conn = value

@property
    def __addr(self):
        warn("Access to __addr attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
            "use 'addr' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        return self.addr
    @__addr.setter
    def __addr(self, value):
        warn("Setting __addr attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
            "set 'addr' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        self.addr = value

# Overrides base class for convenience
    def push(self, msg):
        asynchat.async_chat.push(self, bytes(msg + '\r\n', 'ascii'))

# Implementation of base class abstract method
    def collect_incoming_data(self, data):
        limit = None
        if self.smtp_state == self.COMMAND:
            limit = self.max_command_size_limit
        elif self.smtp_state == self.DATA:
            limit = self.data_size_limit
        if limit and self.num_bytes > limit:
            return
        elif limit:
            self.num_bytes += len(data)
        self.received_lines.append(str(data, "utf-8"))

# Implementation of base class abstract method
    def found_terminator(self):
        line = EMPTYSTRING.join(self.received_lines)
        print('Data:', repr(line), file=DEBUGSTREAM)
        self.received_lines = []
        if self.smtp_state == self.COMMAND:
            sz, self.num_bytes = self.num_bytes, 0
            if not line:
                self.push('500 Error: bad syntax')
                return
            method = None
            i = line.find(' ')
            if i < 0:
                command = line.upper()
                arg = None
            else:
                command = line[:i].upper()
                arg = line[i+1:].strip()
            max_sz = (self.command_size_limits[command]
                        if self.extended_smtp else self.command_size_limit)
            if sz > max_sz:
                self.push('500 Error: line too long')
                return
            method = getattr(self, 'smtp_' + command, None)
            if not method:
                self.push('500 Error: command "%s" not recognized' % command)
                return
            method(arg)
            return
        else:
            if self.smtp_state != self.DATA:
                self.push('451 Internal confusion')
                self.num_bytes = 0
                return
            if self.data_size_limit and self.num_bytes > self.data_size_limit:
                self.push('552 Error: Too much mail data')
                self.num_bytes = 0
                return
            # Remove extraneous carriage returns and de-transparency according
            # to RFC 5321, Section 4.5.2.
            data = []
            for text in line.split('\r\n'):
                if text and text[0] == '.':
                    data.append(text[1:])
                else:
                    data.append(text)
            self.received_data = NEWLINE.join(data)
            status = self.smtp_server.process_message(self.peer,
                                                      self.mailfrom,
                                                      self.rcpttos,
                                                      self.received_data)
            self.rcpttos = []
            self.mailfrom = None
            self.smtp_state = self.COMMAND
            self.num_bytes = 0
            self.set_terminator(b'\r\n')
            if not status:
                self.push('250 OK')
            else:
                self.push(status)

# SMTP and ESMTP commands
    def smtp_HELO(self, arg):
        if not arg:
            self.push('501 Syntax: HELO hostname')
            return
        if self.seen_greeting:
            self.push('503 Duplicate HELO/EHLO')
        else:
            self.seen_greeting = arg
            self.extended_smtp = False
            self.push('250 %s' % self.fqdn)

def smtp_EHLO(self, arg):
        if not arg:
            self.push('501 Syntax: EHLO hostname')
            return
        if self.seen_greeting:
            self.push('503 Duplicate HELO/EHLO')
        else:
            self.seen_greeting = arg
            self.extended_smtp = True
            self.push('250-%s' % self.fqdn)
            if self.data_size_limit:
                self.push('250-SIZE %s' % self.data_size_limit)
            self.push('250 HELP')

def smtp_NOOP(self, arg):
        if arg:
            self.push('501 Syntax: NOOP')
        else:
            self.push('250 OK')

def smtp_QUIT(self, arg):
        # args is ignored
        self.push('221 Bye')
        self.close_when_done()

def _strip_command_keyword(self, keyword, arg):
        keylen = len(keyword)
        if arg[:keylen].upper() == keyword:
            return arg[keylen:].strip()
        return ''

def _getaddr(self, arg):
        if not arg:
            return '', ''
        if arg.lstrip().startswith('<'):
            address, rest = get_angle_addr(arg)
        else:
            address, rest = get_addr_spec(arg)
        if not address:
            return address, rest
        return address.addr_spec, rest

def _getparams(self, params):
        # Return any parameters that appear to be syntactically valid according
        # to RFC 1869, ignore all others.  (Postel rule: accept what we can.)
        params = [param.split('=', 1) for param in params.split()
                                      if '=' in param]
        return {k: v for k, v in params if k.isalnum()}

def smtp_HELP(self, arg):
        if arg:
            extended = ' [SP <mail-parameters>]'
            lc_arg = arg.upper()
            if lc_arg == 'EHLO':
                self.push('250 Syntax: EHLO hostname')
            elif lc_arg == 'HELO':
                self.push('250 Syntax: HELO hostname')
            elif lc_arg == 'MAIL':
                msg = '250 Syntax: MAIL FROM: <address>'
                if self.extended_smtp:
                    msg += extended
                self.push(msg)
            elif lc_arg == 'RCPT':
                msg = '250 Syntax: RCPT TO: <address>'
                if self.extended_smtp:
                    msg += extended
                self.push(msg)
            elif lc_arg == 'DATA':
                self.push('250 Syntax: DATA')
            elif lc_arg == 'RSET':
                self.push('250 Syntax: RSET')
            elif lc_arg == 'NOOP':
                self.push('250 Syntax: NOOP')
            elif lc_arg == 'QUIT':
                self.push('250 Syntax: QUIT')
            elif lc_arg == 'VRFY':
                self.push('250 Syntax: VRFY <address>')
            else:
                self.push('501 Supported commands: EHLO HELO MAIL RCPT '
                          'DATA RSET NOOP QUIT VRFY')
        else:
            self.push('250 Supported commands: EHLO HELO MAIL RCPT DATA '
                      'RSET NOOP QUIT VRFY')

def smtp_VRFY(self, arg):
        if arg:
            address, params = self._getaddr(arg)
            if address:
                self.push('252 Cannot VRFY user, but will accept message '
                          'and attempt delivery')
            else:
                self.push('502 Could not VRFY %s' % arg)
        else:
            self.push('501 Syntax: VRFY <address>')

def smtp_MAIL(self, arg):
        if not self.seen_greeting:
            self.push('503 Error: send HELO first');
            return
        print('===> MAIL', arg, file=DEBUGSTREAM)
        syntaxerr = '501 Syntax: MAIL FROM: <address>'
        if self.extended_smtp:
            syntaxerr += ' [SP <mail-parameters>]'
        if arg is None:
            self.push(syntaxerr)
            return
        arg = self._strip_command_keyword('FROM:', arg)
        address, params = self._getaddr(arg)
        if not address:
            self.push(syntaxerr)
            return
        if not self.extended_smtp and params:
            self.push(syntaxerr)
            return
        if self.mailfrom:
            self.push('503 Error: nested MAIL command')
            return
        params = self._getparams(params.upper())
        if params is None:
            self.push(syntaxerr)
            return
        size = params.pop('SIZE', None)
        if size:
            if not size.isdigit():
                self.push(syntaxerr)
                return
            elif self.data_size_limit and int(size) > self.data_size_limit:
                self.push('552 Error: message size exceeds fixed maximum message size')
                return
        if len(params.keys()) > 0:
            self.push('555 MAIL FROM parameters not recognized or not implemented')
            return
        self.mailfrom = address
        print('sender:', self.mailfrom, file=DEBUGSTREAM)
        self.push('250 OK')

def smtp_RCPT(self, arg):
        if not self.seen_greeting:
            self.push('503 Error: send HELO first');
            return
        print('===> RCPT', arg, file=DEBUGSTREAM)
        if not self.mailfrom:
            self.push('503 Error: need MAIL command')
            return
        syntaxerr = '501 Syntax: RCPT TO: <address>'
        if self.extended_smtp:
            syntaxerr += ' [SP <mail-parameters>]'
        if arg is None:
            self.push(syntaxerr)
            return
        arg = self._strip_command_keyword('TO:', arg)
        address, params = self._getaddr(arg)
        if not address:
            self.push(syntaxerr)
            return
        if params:
            if self.extended_smtp:
                params = self._getparams(params.upper())
                if params is None:
                    self.push(syntaxerr)
                    return
            else:
                self.push(syntaxerr)
                return
        if params and len(params.keys()) > 0:
            self.push('555 RCPT TO parameters not recognized or not implemented')
            return
        self.rcpttos.append(address)
        print('recips:', self.rcpttos, file=DEBUGSTREAM)
        self.push('250 OK')

def smtp_RSET(self, arg):
        if arg:
            self.push('501 Syntax: RSET')
            return
        # Resets the sender, recipients, and data, but not the greeting
        self.mailfrom = None
        self.rcpttos = []
        self.received_data = ''
        self.smtp_state = self.COMMAND
        self.push('250 OK')

def smtp_DATA(self, arg):
        if not self.seen_greeting:
            self.push('503 Error: send HELO first');
            return
        if not self.rcpttos:
            self.push('503 Error: need RCPT command')
            return
        if arg:
            self.push('501 Syntax: DATA')
            return
        self.smtp_state = self.DATA
        self.set_terminator(b'\r\n.\r\n')
        self.push('354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>')

# Commands that have not been implemented
    def smtp_EXPN(self, arg):
        self.push('502 EXPN not implemented')

class SMTPServer(asyncore.dispatcher):
    # SMTPChannel class to use for managing client connections
    channel_class = SMTPChannel

def __init__(self, localaddr, remoteaddr,
                 data_size_limit=DATA_SIZE_DEFAULT, map=None):
        self._localaddr = localaddr
        self._remoteaddr = remoteaddr
        self.data_size_limit = data_size_limit
        asyncore.dispatcher.__init__(self, map=map)
        try:
            self.create_socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
            # try to re-use a server port if possible
            self.set_reuse_addr()
            self.bind(localaddr)
            self.listen(5)
        except:
            self.close()
            raise
        else:
            print('%s started at %s\n\tLocal addr: %s\n\tRemote addr:%s' % (
                self.__class__.__name__, time.ctime(time.time()),
                localaddr, remoteaddr), file=DEBUGSTREAM)

def handle_accepted(self, conn, addr):
        print('Incoming connection from %s' % repr(addr), file=DEBUGSTREAM)
        channel = self.channel_class(self, conn, addr, self.data_size_limit,
                                     self._map)

# API for "doing something useful with the message"
    def process_message(self, peer, mailfrom, rcpttos, data):
        """Override this abstract method to handle messages from the client.

peer is a tuple containing (ipaddr, port) of the client that made the
        socket connection to our smtp port.

mailfrom is the raw address the client claims the message is coming
        from.

rcpttos is a list of raw addresses the client wishes to deliver the
        message to.

data is a string containing the entire full text of the message,
        headers (if supplied) and all.  It has been `de-transparencied'
        according to RFC 821, Section 4.5.2.  In other words, a line
        containing a `.' followed by other text has had the leading dot
        removed.

This function should return None, for a normal `250 Ok' response;
        otherwise it returns the desired response string in RFC 821 format.

"""
        raise NotImplementedError

class DebuggingServer(SMTPServer):
    # Do something with the gathered message
    def process_message(self, peer, mailfrom, rcpttos, data):
        inheaders = 1
        lines = data.split('\n')
        print('---------- MESSAGE FOLLOWS ----------')
        for line in lines:
            # headers first
            if inheaders and not line:
                print('X-Peer:', peer[0])
                inheaders = 0
            print(line)
        print('------------ END MESSAGE ------------')

class PureProxy(SMTPServer):
    def process_message(self, peer, mailfrom, rcpttos, data):
        lines = data.split('\n')
        # Look for the last header
        i = 0
        for line in lines:
            if not line:
                break
            i += 1
        lines.insert(i, 'X-Peer: %s' % peer[0])
        data = NEWLINE.join(lines)
        refused = self._deliver(mailfrom, rcpttos, data)
        # TBD: what to do with refused addresses?
        print('we got some refusals:', refused, file=DEBUGSTREAM)

def _deliver(self, mailfrom, rcpttos, data):
        import smtplib
        refused = {}
        try:
            s = smtplib.SMTP()
            s.connect(self._remoteaddr[0], self._remoteaddr[1])
            try:
                refused = s.sendmail(mailfrom, rcpttos, data)
            finally:
                s.quit()
        except smtplib.SMTPRecipientsRefused as e:
            print('got SMTPRecipientsRefused', file=DEBUGSTREAM)
            refused = e.recipients
        except (OSError, smtplib.SMTPException) as e:
            print('got', e.__class__, file=DEBUGSTREAM)
            # All recipients were refused.  If the exception had an associated
            # error code, use it.  Otherwise,fake it with a non-triggering
            # exception code.
            errcode = getattr(e, 'smtp_code', -1)
            errmsg = getattr(e, 'smtp_error', 'ignore')
            for r in rcpttos:
                refused[r] = (errcode, errmsg)
        return refused

class MailmanProxy(PureProxy):
    def process_message(self, peer, mailfrom, rcpttos, data):
        from io import StringIO
        from Mailman import Utils
        from Mailman import Message
        from Mailman import MailList
        # If the message is to a Mailman mailing list, then we'll invoke the
        # Mailman script directly, without going through the real smtpd.
        # Otherwise we'll forward it to the local proxy for disposition.
        listnames = []
        for rcpt in rcpttos:
            local = rcpt.lower().split('@')[0]
            # We allow the following variations on the theme
            #   listname
            #   listname-admin
            #   listname-owner
            #   listname-request
            #   listname-join
            #   listname-leave
            parts = local.split('-')
            if len(parts) > 2:
                continue
            listname = parts[0]
            if len(parts) == 2:
                command = parts[1]
            else:
                command = ''
            if not Utils.list_exists(listname) or command not in (
                    '', 'admin', 'owner', 'request', 'join', 'leave'):
                continue
            listnames.append((rcpt, listname, command))
        # Remove all list recipients from rcpttos and forward what we're not
        # going to take care of ourselves.  Linear removal should be fine
        # since we don't expect a large number of recipients.
        for rcpt, listname, command in listnames:
            rcpttos.remove(rcpt)
        # If there's any non-list destined recipients left,
        print('forwarding recips:', ' '.join(rcpttos), file=DEBUGSTREAM)
        if rcpttos:
            refused = self._deliver(mailfrom, rcpttos, data)
            # TBD: what to do with refused addresses?
            print('we got refusals:', refused, file=DEBUGSTREAM)
        # Now deliver directly to the list commands
        mlists = {}
        s = StringIO(data)
        msg = Message.Message(s)
        # These headers are required for the proper execution of Mailman.  All
        # MTAs in existence seem to add these if the original message doesn't
        # have them.
        if not msg.get('from'):
            msg['From'] = mailfrom
        if not msg.get('date'):
            msg['Date'] = time.ctime(time.time())
        for rcpt, listname, command in listnames:
            print('sending message to', rcpt, file=DEBUGSTREAM)
            mlist = mlists.get(listname)
            if not mlist:
                mlist = MailList.MailList(listname, lock=0)
                mlists[listname] = mlist
            # dispatch on the type of command
            if command == '':
                # post
                msg.Enqueue(mlist, tolist=1)
            elif command == 'admin':
                msg.Enqueue(mlist, toadmin=1)
            elif command == 'owner':
                msg.Enqueue(mlist, toowner=1)
            elif command == 'request':
                msg.Enqueue(mlist, torequest=1)
            elif command in ('join', 'leave'):
                # TBD: this is a hack!
                if command == 'join':
                    msg['Subject'] = 'subscribe'
                else:
                    msg['Subject'] = 'unsubscribe'
                msg.Enqueue(mlist, torequest=1)

class Options:
    setuid = 1
    classname = 'PureProxy'
    size_limit = None

def parseargs():
    global DEBUGSTREAM
    try:
        opts, args = getopt.getopt(
            sys.argv[1:], 'nVhc:s:d',
            ['class=', 'nosetuid', 'version', 'help', 'size=', 'debug'])
    except getopt.error as e:
        usage(1, e)

options = Options()
    for opt, arg in opts:
        if opt in ('-h', '--help'):
            usage(0)
        elif opt in ('-V', '--version'):
            print(__version__)
            sys.exit(0)
        elif opt in ('-n', '--nosetuid'):
            options.setuid = 0
        elif opt in ('-c', '--class'):
            options.classname = arg
        elif opt in ('-d', '--debug'):
            DEBUGSTREAM = sys.stderr
        elif opt in ('-s', '--size'):
            try:
                int_size = int(arg)
                options.size_limit = int_size
            except:
                print('Invalid size: ' + arg, file=sys.stderr)
                sys.exit(1)

# parse the rest of the arguments
    if len(args) < 1:
        localspec = 'localhost:8025'
        remotespec = 'localhost:25'
    elif len(args) < 2:
        localspec = args[0]
        remotespec = 'localhost:25'
    elif len(args) < 3:
        localspec = args[0]
        remotespec = args[1]
    else:
        usage(1, 'Invalid arguments: %s' % COMMASPACE.join(args))

# split into host/port pairs
    i = localspec.find(':')
    if i < 0:
        usage(1, 'Bad local spec: %s' % localspec)
    options.localhost = localspec[:i]
    try:
        options.localport = int(localspec[i+1:])
    except ValueError:
        usage(1, 'Bad local port: %s' % localspec)
    i = remotespec.find(':')
    if i < 0:
        usage(1, 'Bad remote spec: %s' % remotespec)
    options.remotehost = remotespec[:i]
    try:
        options.remoteport = int(remotespec[i+1:])
    except ValueError:
        usage(1, 'Bad remote port: %s' % remotespec)
    return options

if __name__ == '__main__':
    options = parseargs()
    # Become nobody
    classname = options.classname
    if "." in classname:
        lastdot = classname.rfind(".")
        mod = __import__(classname[:lastdot], globals(), locals(), [""])
        classname = classname[lastdot+1:]
    else:
        import __main__ as mod
    class_ = getattr(mod, classname)
    proxy = class_((options.localhost, options.localport),
                   (options.remotehost, options.remoteport),
                   options.size_limit)
    if options.setuid:
        try:
            import pwd
        except ImportError:
            print('Cannot import module "pwd"; try running with -n option.', file=sys.stderr)
            sys.exit(1)
        nobody = pwd.getpwnam('nobody')[2]
        try:
            os.setuid(nobody)
        except PermissionError:
            print('Cannot setuid "nobody"; try running with -n option.', file=sys.stderr)
            sys.exit(1)
    try:
        asyncore.loop()
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        pass

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