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Edit File : time.rb \| Size : 21.09 KB
require 'date' # = time.rb # # When 'time' is required, Time is extended with additional methods for parsing # and converting Times. # # == Features # # This library extends the Time class with the following conversions between # date strings and Time objects: # # * date-time defined by {RFC 2822}[http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2822.txt] # * HTTP-date defined by {RFC 2616}[http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt] # * dateTime defined by XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes ({ISO # 8601}[http://www.iso.org/iso/date_and_time_format]) # * various formats handled by Date._parse # * custom formats handled by Date._strptime # # == Examples # # All examples assume you have loaded Time with: # # require 'time' # # All of these examples were done using the EST timezone which is GMT-5. # # === Converting to a String # # t = Time.now # t.iso8601 # => "2011-10-05T22:26:12-04:00" # t.rfc2822 # => "Wed, 05 Oct 2011 22:26:12 -0400" # t.httpdate # => "Thu, 06 Oct 2011 02:26:12 GMT" # # === Time.parse # # #parse takes a string representation of a Time and attempts to parse it # using a heuristic. # # Date.parse("2010-10-31") #=> 2010-10-31 00:00:00 -0500 # # Any missing pieces of the date are inferred based on the current date. # # # assuming the current date is "2011-10-31" # Time.parse("12:00") #=> 2011-10-31 12:00:00 -0500 # # We can change the date used to infer our missing elements by passing a second # object that responds to #mon, #day and #year, such as Date, Time or DateTime. # We can also use our own object. # # class MyDate # attr_reader :mon, :day, :year # # def initialize(mon, day, year) # @mon, @day, @year = mon, day, year # end # end # # d = Date.parse("2010-10-28") # t = Time.parse("2010-10-29") # dt = DateTime.parse("2010-10-30") # md = MyDate.new(10,31,2010) # # Time.parse("12:00", d) #=> 2010-10-28 12:00:00 -0500 # Time.parse("12:00", t) #=> 2010-10-29 12:00:00 -0500 # Time.parse("12:00", dt) #=> 2010-10-30 12:00:00 -0500 # Time.parse("12:00", md) #=> 2010-10-31 12:00:00 -0500 # # #parse also accepts an optional block. You can use this block to specify how # to handle the year component of the date. This is specifically designed for # handling two digit years. For example, if you wanted to treat all two digit # years prior to 70 as the year 2000+ you could write this: # # Time.parse("01-10-31") {\|year\| year + (year < 70 ? 2000 : 1900)} # #=> 2001-10-31 00:00:00 -0500 # Time.parse("70-10-31") {\|year\| year + (year < 70 ? 2000 : 1900)} # #=> 1970-10-31 00:00:00 -0500 # # === Time.strptime # # #strptime works similar to +parse+ except that instead of using a heuristic # to detect the format of the input string, you provide a second argument that # is describes the format of the string. For example: # # Time.strptime("2000-10-31", "%Y-%m-%d") #=> 2000-10-31 00:00:00 -0500 class Time class << Time # # A hash of timezones mapped to hour differences from UTC. The # set of time zones corresponds to the ones specified by RFC 2822 # and ISO 8601. # ZoneOffset = { # :nodoc: 'UTC' => 0, # ISO 8601 'Z' => 0, # RFC 822 'UT' => 0, 'GMT' => 0, 'EST' => -5, 'EDT' => -4, 'CST' => -6, 'CDT' => -5, 'MST' => -7, 'MDT' => -6, 'PST' => -8, 'PDT' => -7, # Following definition of military zones is original one. # See RFC 1123 and RFC 2822 for the error in RFC 822. 'A' => +1, 'B' => +2, 'C' => +3, 'D' => +4, 'E' => +5, 'F' => +6, 'G' => +7, 'H' => +8, 'I' => +9, 'K' => +10, 'L' => +11, 'M' => +12, 'N' => -1, 'O' => -2, 'P' => -3, 'Q' => -4, 'R' => -5, 'S' => -6, 'T' => -7, 'U' => -8, 'V' => -9, 'W' => -10, 'X' => -11, 'Y' => -12, } # # Return the number of seconds the specified time zone differs # from UTC. # # Numeric time zones that include minutes, such as # <code>-10:00</code> or <code>+1330</code> will work, as will # simpler hour-only time zones like <code>-10</code> or # <code>+13</code>. # # Textual time zones listed in ZoneOffset are also supported. # # If the time zone does not match any of the above, +zone_offset+ # will check if the local time zone (both with and without # potential Daylight Saving \Time changes being in effect) matches # +zone+. Specifying a value for +year+ will change the year used # to find the local time zone. # # If +zone_offset+ is unable to determine the offset, nil will be # returned. def zone_offset(zone, year=self.now.year) off = nil zone = zone.upcase if /\A([+-])(\d\d):?(\d\d)\z/ =~ zone off = ($1 == '-' ? -1 : 1) * ($2.to_i * 60 + $3.to_i) * 60 elsif /\A[+-]\d\d\z/ =~ zone off = zone.to_i * 3600 elsif ZoneOffset.include?(zone) off = ZoneOffset[zone] * 3600 elsif ((t = self.local(year, 1, 1)).zone.upcase == zone rescue false) off = t.utc_offset elsif ((t = self.local(year, 7, 1)).zone.upcase == zone rescue false) off = t.utc_offset end off end def zone_utc?(zone) # * +0000 # In RFC 2822, +0000 indicate a time zone at Universal Time. # Europe/Lisbon is "a time zone at Universal Time" in Winter. # Atlantic/Reykjavik is "a time zone at Universal Time". # Africa/Dakar is "a time zone at Universal Time". # So +0000 is a local time such as Europe/London, etc. # * GMT # GMT is used as a time zone abbreviation in Europe/London, # Africa/Dakar, etc. # So it is a local time. # # * -0000, -00:00 # In RFC 2822, -0000 the date-time contains no information about the # local time zone. # In RFC 3339, -00:00 is used for the time in UTC is known, # but the offset to local time is unknown. # They are not appropriate for specific time zone such as # Europe/London because time zone neutral, # So -00:00 and -0000 are treated as UTC. if /\A(?:-00:00\|-0000\|-00\|UTC\|Z\|UT)\z/i =~ zone true else false end end private :zone_utc? LeapYearMonthDays = [31, 29, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31] CommonYearMonthDays = [31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31] def month_days(y, m) if ((y % 4 == 0) && (y % 100 != 0)) \|\| (y % 400 == 0) LeapYearMonthDays[m-1] else CommonYearMonthDays[m-1] end end private :month_days def apply_offset(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec, off) if off < 0 off = -off off, o = off.divmod(60) if o != 0 then sec += o; o, sec = sec.divmod(60); off += o end off, o = off.divmod(60) if o != 0 then min += o; o, min = min.divmod(60); off += o end off, o = off.divmod(24) if o != 0 then hour += o; o, hour = hour.divmod(24); off += o end if off != 0 day += off if month_days(year, mon) < day mon += 1 if 12 < mon mon = 1 year += 1 end day = 1 end end elsif 0 < off off, o = off.divmod(60) if o != 0 then sec -= o; o, sec = sec.divmod(60); off -= o end off, o = off.divmod(60) if o != 0 then min -= o; o, min = min.divmod(60); off -= o end off, o = off.divmod(24) if o != 0 then hour -= o; o, hour = hour.divmod(24); off -= o end if off != 0 then day -= off if day < 1 mon -= 1 if mon < 1 year -= 1 mon = 12 end day = month_days(year, mon) end end end return year, mon, day, hour, min, sec end private :apply_offset def make_time(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec, sec_fraction, zone, now) usec = nil usec = sec_fraction * 1000000 if sec_fraction if now begin break if year; year = now.year break if mon; mon = now.mon break if day; day = now.day break if hour; hour = now.hour break if min; min = now.min break if sec; sec = now.sec break if sec_fraction; usec = now.tv_usec end until true end year \|\|= 1970 mon \|\|= 1 day \|\|= 1 hour \|\|= 0 min \|\|= 0 sec \|\|= 0 usec \|\|= 0 off = nil off = zone_offset(zone, year) if zone if off year, mon, day, hour, min, sec = apply_offset(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec, off) t = self.utc(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec, usec) t.localtime if !zone_utc?(zone) t else self.local(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec, usec) end end private :make_time # # Parses +date+ using Date._parse and converts it to a Time object. # # If a block is given, the year described in +date+ is converted by the # block. For example: # # Time.parse(...) {\|y\| 0 <= y && y < 100 ? (y >= 69 ? y + 1900 : y + 2000) : y} # # If the upper components of the given time are broken or missing, they are # supplied with those of +now+. For the lower components, the minimum # values (1 or 0) are assumed if broken or missing. For example: # # # Suppose it is "Thu Nov 29 14:33:20 GMT 2001" now and # # your time zone is GMT: # now = Time.parse("Thu Nov 29 14:33:20 GMT 2001") # Time.parse("16:30", now) #=> 2001-11-29 16:30:00 +0900 # Time.parse("7/23", now) #=> 2001-07-23 00:00:00 +0900 # Time.parse("Aug 31", now) #=> 2001-08-31 00:00:00 +0900 # Time.parse("Aug 2000", now) #=> 2000-08-01 00:00:00 +0900 # # Since there are numerous conflicts among locally defined time zone # abbreviations all over the world, this method is not intended to # understand all of them. For example, the abbreviation "CST" is # used variously as: # # -06:00 in America/Chicago, # -05:00 in America/Havana, # +08:00 in Asia/Harbin, # +09:30 in Australia/Darwin, # +10:30 in Australia/Adelaide, # etc. # # Based on this fact, this method only understands the time zone # abbreviations described in RFC 822 and the system time zone, in the # order named. (i.e. a definition in RFC 822 overrides the system # time zone definition.) The system time zone is taken from # <tt>Time.local(year, 1, 1).zone</tt> and # <tt>Time.local(year, 7, 1).zone</tt>. # If the extracted time zone abbreviation does not match any of them, # it is ignored and the given time is regarded as a local time. # # ArgumentError is raised if Date._parse cannot extract information from # +date+ or if the Time class cannot represent specified date. # # This method can be used as a fail-safe for other parsing methods as: # # Time.rfc2822(date) rescue Time.parse(date) # Time.httpdate(date) rescue Time.parse(date) # Time.xmlschema(date) rescue Time.parse(date) # # A failure of Time.parse should be checked, though. # # You must require 'time' to use this method. # def parse(date, now=self.now) comp = !block_given? d = Date._parse(date, comp) if !d[:year] && !d[:mon] && !d[:mday] && !d[:hour] && !d[:min] && !d[:sec] && !d[:sec_fraction] raise ArgumentError, "no time information in #{date.inspect}" end year = d[:year] year = yield(year) if year && !comp make_time(year, d[:mon], d[:mday], d[:hour], d[:min], d[:sec], d[:sec_fraction], d[:zone], now) end # # Parses +date+ using Date._strptime and converts it to a Time object. # # If a block is given, the year described in +date+ is converted by the # block. For example: # # Time.strptime(...) {\|y\| y < 100 ? (y >= 69 ? y + 1900 : y + 2000) : y} # # Below is a list of the formating options: # # %a :: The abbreviated weekday name ("Sun") # %A :: The full weekday name ("Sunday") # %b :: The abbreviated month name ("Jan") # %B :: The full month name ("January") # %c :: The preferred local date and time representation # %C :: Century (20 in 2009) # %d :: Day of the month (01..31) # %D :: Date (%m/%d/%y) # %e :: Day of the month, blank-padded ( 1..31) # %F :: Equivalent to %Y-%m-%d (the ISO 8601 date format) # %h :: Equivalent to %b # %H :: Hour of the day, 24-hour clock (00..23) # %I :: Hour of the day, 12-hour clock (01..12) # %j :: Day of the year (001..366) # %k :: hour, 24-hour clock, blank-padded ( 0..23) # %l :: hour, 12-hour clock, blank-padded ( 0..12) # %L :: Millisecond of the second (000..999) # %m :: Month of the year (01..12) # %M :: Minute of the hour (00..59) # %n :: Newline (\n) # %N :: Fractional seconds digits, default is 9 digits (nanosecond) # %3N :: millisecond (3 digits) # %6N :: microsecond (6 digits) # %9N :: nanosecond (9 digits) # %p :: Meridian indicator ("AM" or "PM") # %P :: Meridian indicator ("am" or "pm") # %r :: time, 12-hour (same as %I:%M:%S %p) # %R :: time, 24-hour (%H:%M) # %s :: Number of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC. # %S :: Second of the minute (00..60) # %t :: Tab character (\t) # %T :: time, 24-hour (%H:%M:%S) # %u :: Day of the week as a decimal, Monday being 1. (1..7) # %U :: Week number of the current year, starting with the first Sunday as # the first day of the first week (00..53) # %v :: VMS date (%e-%b-%Y) # %V :: Week number of year according to ISO 8601 (01..53) # %W :: Week number of the current year, starting with the first Monday # as the first day of the first week (00..53) # %w :: Day of the week (Sunday is 0, 0..6) # %x :: Preferred representation for the date alone, no time # %X :: Preferred representation for the time alone, no date # %y :: Year without a century (00..99) # %Y :: Year with century # %z :: Time zone as hour offset from UTC (e.g. +0900) # %Z :: Time zone name # %% :: Literal "%" character def strptime(date, format, now=self.now) d = Date._strptime(date, format) raise ArgumentError, "invalid strptime format - `#{format}'" unless d if seconds = d[:seconds] if offset = d[:offset] Time.at(seconds).localtime(offset) else Time.at(seconds) end else year = d[:year] year = yield(year) if year && block_given? make_time(year, d[:mon], d[:mday], d[:hour], d[:min], d[:sec], d[:sec_fraction], d[:zone], now) end end MonthValue = { 'JAN' => 1, 'FEB' => 2, 'MAR' => 3, 'APR' => 4, 'MAY' => 5, 'JUN' => 6, 'JUL' => 7, 'AUG' => 8, 'SEP' => 9, 'OCT' =>10, 'NOV' =>11, 'DEC' =>12 } # # Parses +date+ as date-time defined by RFC 2822 and converts it to a Time # object. The format is identical to the date format defined by RFC 822 and # updated by RFC 1123. # # ArgumentError is raised if +date+ is not compliant with RFC 2822 # or if the Time class cannot represent specified date. # # See #rfc2822 for more information on this format. # # You must require 'time' to use this method. # def rfc2822(date) if /\A\s* (?:(?:Mon\|Tue\|Wed\|Thu\|Fri\|Sat\|Sun)\s,\s)? (\d{1,2})\s+ (Jan\|Feb\|Mar\|Apr\|May\|Jun\|Jul\|Aug\|Sep\|Oct\|Nov\|Dec)\s+ (\d{2,})\s+ (\d{2})\s* :\s(\d{2})\s (?::\s(\d{2}))?\s+ ([+-]\d{4}\| UT\|GMT\|EST\|EDT\|CST\|CDT\|MST\|MDT\|PST\|PDT\|[A-IK-Z])/ix =~ date # Since RFC 2822 permit comments, the regexp has no right anchor. day = $1.to_i mon = MonthValue[$2.upcase] year = $3.to_i hour = $4.to_i min = $5.to_i sec = $6 ? $6.to_i : 0 zone = $7 # following year completion is compliant with RFC 2822. year = if year < 50 2000 + year elsif year < 1000 1900 + year else year end year, mon, day, hour, min, sec = apply_offset(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec, zone_offset(zone)) t = self.utc(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec) t.localtime if !zone_utc?(zone) t else raise ArgumentError.new("not RFC 2822 compliant date: #{date.inspect}") end end alias rfc822 rfc2822 # # Parses +date+ as an HTTP-date defined by RFC 2616 and converts it to a # Time object. # # ArgumentError is raised if +date+ is not compliant with RFC 2616 or if # the Time class cannot represent specified date. # # See #httpdate for more information on this format. # # You must require 'time' to use this method. # def httpdate(date) if /\A\s (?:Mon\|Tue\|Wed\|Thu\|Fri\|Sat\|Sun),\x20 (\d{2})\x20 (Jan\|Feb\|Mar\|Apr\|May\|Jun\|Jul\|Aug\|Sep\|Oct\|Nov\|Dec)\x20 (\d{4})\x20 (\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2})\x20 GMT \s\z/ix =~ date self.rfc2822(date) elsif /\A\s (?:Monday\|Tuesday\|Wednesday\|Thursday\|Friday\|Saturday\|Sunday),\x20 (\d\d)-(Jan\|Feb\|Mar\|Apr\|May\|Jun\|Jul\|Aug\|Sep\|Oct\|Nov\|Dec)-(\d\d)\x20 (\d\d):(\d\d):(\d\d)\x20 GMT \s\z/ix =~ date year = $3.to_i if year < 50 year += 2000 else year += 1900 end self.utc(year, $2, $1.to_i, $4.to_i, $5.to_i, $6.to_i) elsif /\A\s (?:Mon\|Tue\|Wed\|Thu\|Fri\|Sat\|Sun)\x20 (Jan\|Feb\|Mar\|Apr\|May\|Jun\|Jul\|Aug\|Sep\|Oct\|Nov\|Dec)\x20 (\d\d\|\x20\d)\x20 (\d\d):(\d\d):(\d\d)\x20 (\d{4}) \s\z/ix =~ date self.utc($6.to_i, MonthValue[$1.upcase], $2.to_i, $3.to_i, $4.to_i, $5.to_i) else raise ArgumentError.new("not RFC 2616 compliant date: #{date.inspect}") end end # # Parses +date+ as a dateTime defined by the XML Schema and converts it to # a Time object. The format is a restricted version of the format defined # by ISO 8601. # # ArgumentError is raised if +date+ is not compliant with the format or if # the Time class cannot represent specified date. # # See #xmlschema for more information on this format. # # You must require 'time' to use this method. # def xmlschema(date) if /\A\s (-?\d+)-(\d\d)-(\d\d) T (\d\d):(\d\d):(\d\d) (\.\d+)? (Z\|[+-]\d\d:\d\d)? \s\z/ix =~ date year = $1.to_i mon = $2.to_i day = $3.to_i hour = $4.to_i min = $5.to_i sec = $6.to_i usec = 0 if $7 usec = Rational($7) 1000000 end if $8 zone = $8 year, mon, day, hour, min, sec = apply_offset(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec, zone_offset(zone)) self.utc(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec, usec) else self.local(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec, usec) end else raise ArgumentError.new("invalid date: #{date.inspect}") end end alias iso8601 xmlschema end # class << self # # Returns a string which represents the time as date-time defined by RFC 2822: # # day-of-week, DD month-name CCYY hh:mm:ss zone # # where zone is [+-]hhmm. # # If +self+ is a UTC time, -0000 is used as zone. # # You must require 'time' to use this method. # def rfc2822 sprintf('%s, %02d %s %0d %02d:%02d:%02d ', RFC2822_DAY_NAME[wday], day, RFC2822_MONTH_NAME[mon-1], year < 0 ? 5 : 4, year, hour, min, sec) + if utc? '-0000' else off = utc_offset sign = off < 0 ? '-' : '+' sprintf('%s%02d%02d', sign, (off.abs / 60).divmod(60)) end end alias rfc822 rfc2822 RFC2822_DAY_NAME = [ 'Sun', 'Mon', 'Tue', 'Wed', 'Thu', 'Fri', 'Sat' ] RFC2822_MONTH_NAME = [ 'Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec' ] # # Returns a string which represents the time as RFC 1123 date of HTTP-date # defined by RFC 2616: # # day-of-week, DD month-name CCYY hh:mm:ss GMT # # Note that the result is always UTC (GMT). # # You must require 'time' to use this method. # def httpdate t = dup.utc sprintf('%s, %02d %s %0*d %02d:%02d:%02d GMT', RFC2822_DAY_NAME[t.wday], t.day, RFC2822_MONTH_NAME[t.mon-1], t.year < 0 ? 5 : 4, t.year, t.hour, t.min, t.sec) end # # Returns a string which represents the time as a dateTime defined by XML # Schema: # # CCYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ssTZD # CCYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.sssTZD # # where TZD is Z or [+-]hh:mm. # # If self is a UTC time, Z is used as TZD. [+-]hh:mm is used otherwise. # # +fractional_digits+ specifies a number of digits to use for fractional # seconds. Its default value is 0. # # You must require 'time' to use this method. # def xmlschema(fraction_digits=0) fraction_digits = fraction_digits.to_i s = strftime("%FT%T") if fraction_digits > 0 s << strftime(".%#{fraction_digits}N") end s << (utc? ? 'Z' : strftime("%:z")) end alias iso8601 xmlschema end Back

Edit File : time.rb | Size : 21.09 KB

require 'date'

# = time.rb
#
# When 'time' is required, Time is extended with additional methods for parsing
# and converting Times.
#
# == Features
#
# This library extends the Time class with the following conversions between
# date strings and Time objects:
#
# * date-time defined by {RFC 2822}[http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2822.txt]
# * HTTP-date defined by {RFC 2616}[http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt]
# * dateTime defined by XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes ({ISO
#   8601}[http://www.iso.org/iso/date_and_time_format])
# * various formats handled by Date._parse
# * custom formats handled by Date._strptime
#
# == Examples
#
# All examples assume you have loaded Time with:
#
#   require 'time'
#
# All of these examples were done using the EST timezone which is GMT-5.
#
# === Converting to a String
#
#   t = Time.now
#   t.iso8601  # => "2011-10-05T22:26:12-04:00"
#   t.rfc2822  # => "Wed, 05 Oct 2011 22:26:12 -0400"
#   t.httpdate # => "Thu, 06 Oct 2011 02:26:12 GMT"
#
# === Time.parse
#
# #parse takes a string representation of a Time and attempts to parse it
# using a heuristic.
#
#   Date.parse("2010-10-31") #=> 2010-10-31 00:00:00 -0500
#
# Any missing pieces of the date are inferred based on the current date.
#
#   # assuming the current date is "2011-10-31"
#   Time.parse("12:00") #=> 2011-10-31 12:00:00 -0500
#
# We can change the date used to infer our missing elements by passing a second
# object that responds to #mon, #day and #year, such as Date, Time or DateTime.
# We can also use our own object.
#
#   class MyDate
#     attr_reader :mon, :day, :year
#
#     def initialize(mon, day, year)
#       @mon, @day, @year = mon, day, year
#     end
#   end
#
#   d  = Date.parse("2010-10-28")
#   t  = Time.parse("2010-10-29")
#   dt = DateTime.parse("2010-10-30")
#   md = MyDate.new(10,31,2010)
#
#   Time.parse("12:00", d)  #=> 2010-10-28 12:00:00 -0500
#   Time.parse("12:00", t)  #=> 2010-10-29 12:00:00 -0500
#   Time.parse("12:00", dt) #=> 2010-10-30 12:00:00 -0500
#   Time.parse("12:00", md) #=> 2010-10-31 12:00:00 -0500
#
# #parse also accepts an optional block. You can use this block to specify how
# to handle the year component of the date. This is specifically designed for
# handling two digit years. For example, if you wanted to treat all two digit
# years prior to 70 as the year 2000+ you could write this:
#
#   Time.parse("01-10-31") {|year| year + (year < 70 ? 2000 : 1900)}
#   #=> 2001-10-31 00:00:00 -0500
#   Time.parse("70-10-31") {|year| year + (year < 70 ? 2000 : 1900)}
#   #=> 1970-10-31 00:00:00 -0500
#
# === Time.strptime
#
# #strptime works similar to +parse+ except that instead of using a heuristic
# to detect the format of the input string, you provide a second argument that
# is describes the format of the string. For example:
#
#   Time.strptime("2000-10-31", "%Y-%m-%d") #=> 2000-10-31 00:00:00 -0500

class Time
  class << Time

#
    # A hash of timezones mapped to hour differences from UTC. The
    # set of time zones corresponds to the ones specified by RFC 2822
    # and ISO 8601.
    #
    ZoneOffset = { # :nodoc:
      'UTC' => 0,
      # ISO 8601
      'Z' => 0,
      # RFC 822
      'UT' => 0, 'GMT' => 0,
      'EST' => -5, 'EDT' => -4,
      'CST' => -6, 'CDT' => -5,
      'MST' => -7, 'MDT' => -6,
      'PST' => -8, 'PDT' => -7,
      # Following definition of military zones is original one.
      # See RFC 1123 and RFC 2822 for the error in RFC 822.
      'A' => +1, 'B' => +2, 'C' => +3, 'D' => +4,  'E' => +5,  'F' => +6,
      'G' => +7, 'H' => +8, 'I' => +9, 'K' => +10, 'L' => +11, 'M' => +12,
      'N' => -1, 'O' => -2, 'P' => -3, 'Q' => -4,  'R' => -5,  'S' => -6,
      'T' => -7, 'U' => -8, 'V' => -9, 'W' => -10, 'X' => -11, 'Y' => -12,
    }

#
    # Return the number of seconds the specified time zone differs
    # from UTC.
    #
    # Numeric time zones that include minutes, such as
    # <code>-10:00</code> or <code>+1330</code> will work, as will
    # simpler hour-only time zones like <code>-10</code> or
    # <code>+13</code>.
    #
    # Textual time zones listed in ZoneOffset are also supported.
    #
    # If the time zone does not match any of the above, +zone_offset+
    # will check if the local time zone (both with and without
    # potential Daylight Saving \Time changes being in effect) matches
    # +zone+. Specifying a value for +year+ will change the year used
    # to find the local time zone.
    #
    # If +zone_offset+ is unable to determine the offset, nil will be
    # returned.
    def zone_offset(zone, year=self.now.year)
      off = nil
      zone = zone.upcase
      if /\A([+-])(\d\d):?(\d\d)\z/ =~ zone
        off = ($1 == '-' ? -1 : 1) * ($2.to_i * 60 + $3.to_i) * 60
      elsif /\A[+-]\d\d\z/ =~ zone
        off = zone.to_i * 3600
      elsif ZoneOffset.include?(zone)
        off = ZoneOffset[zone] * 3600
      elsif ((t = self.local(year, 1, 1)).zone.upcase == zone rescue false)
        off = t.utc_offset
      elsif ((t = self.local(year, 7, 1)).zone.upcase == zone rescue false)
        off = t.utc_offset
      end
      off
    end

def zone_utc?(zone)
      # * +0000
      #   In RFC 2822, +0000 indicate a time zone at Universal Time.
      #   Europe/Lisbon is "a time zone at Universal Time" in Winter.
      #   Atlantic/Reykjavik is "a time zone at Universal Time".
      #   Africa/Dakar is "a time zone at Universal Time".
      #   So +0000 is a local time such as Europe/London, etc.
      # * GMT
      #   GMT is used as a time zone abbreviation in Europe/London,
      #   Africa/Dakar, etc.
      #   So it is a local time.
      #
      # * -0000, -00:00
      #   In RFC 2822, -0000 the date-time contains no information about the
      #   local time zone.
      #   In RFC 3339, -00:00 is used for the time in UTC is known,
      #   but the offset to local time is unknown.
      #   They are not appropriate for specific time zone such as
      #   Europe/London because time zone neutral,
      #   So -00:00 and -0000 are treated as UTC.
      if /\A(?:-00:00|-0000|-00|UTC|Z|UT)\z/i =~ zone
        true
      else
        false
      end
    end
    private :zone_utc?

LeapYearMonthDays = [31, 29, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31]
    CommonYearMonthDays = [31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31]
    def month_days(y, m)
      if ((y % 4 == 0) && (y % 100 != 0)) || (y % 400 == 0)
        LeapYearMonthDays[m-1]
      else
        CommonYearMonthDays[m-1]
      end
    end
    private :month_days

def apply_offset(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec, off)
      if off < 0
        off = -off
        off, o = off.divmod(60)
        if o != 0 then sec += o; o, sec = sec.divmod(60); off += o end
        off, o = off.divmod(60)
        if o != 0 then min += o; o, min = min.divmod(60); off += o end
        off, o = off.divmod(24)
        if o != 0 then hour += o; o, hour = hour.divmod(24); off += o end
        if off != 0
          day += off
          if month_days(year, mon) < day
            mon += 1
            if 12 < mon
              mon = 1
              year += 1
            end
            day = 1
          end
        end
      elsif 0 < off
        off, o = off.divmod(60)
        if o != 0 then sec -= o; o, sec = sec.divmod(60); off -= o end
        off, o = off.divmod(60)
        if o != 0 then min -= o; o, min = min.divmod(60); off -= o end
        off, o = off.divmod(24)
        if o != 0 then hour -= o; o, hour = hour.divmod(24); off -= o end
        if off != 0 then
          day -= off
          if day < 1
            mon -= 1
            if mon < 1
              year -= 1
              mon = 12
            end
            day = month_days(year, mon)
          end
        end
      end
      return year, mon, day, hour, min, sec
    end
    private :apply_offset

def make_time(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec, sec_fraction, zone, now)
      usec = nil
      usec = sec_fraction * 1000000 if sec_fraction
      if now
        begin
          break if year; year = now.year
          break if mon; mon = now.mon
          break if day; day = now.day
          break if hour; hour = now.hour
          break if min; min = now.min
          break if sec; sec = now.sec
          break if sec_fraction; usec = now.tv_usec
        end until true
      end

year ||= 1970
      mon ||= 1
      day ||= 1
      hour ||= 0
      min ||= 0
      sec ||= 0
      usec ||= 0

off = nil
      off = zone_offset(zone, year) if zone

if off
        year, mon, day, hour, min, sec =
          apply_offset(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec, off)
        t = self.utc(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec, usec)
        t.localtime if !zone_utc?(zone)
        t
      else
        self.local(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec, usec)
      end
    end
    private :make_time

#
    # Parses +date+ using Date._parse and converts it to a Time object.
    #
    # If a block is given, the year described in +date+ is converted by the
    # block.  For example:
    #
    #     Time.parse(...) {|y| 0 <= y && y < 100 ? (y >= 69 ? y + 1900 : y + 2000) : y}
    #
    # If the upper components of the given time are broken or missing, they are
    # supplied with those of +now+.  For the lower components, the minimum
    # values (1 or 0) are assumed if broken or missing.  For example:
    #
    #     # Suppose it is "Thu Nov 29 14:33:20 GMT 2001" now and
    #     # your time zone is GMT:
    #     now = Time.parse("Thu Nov 29 14:33:20 GMT 2001")
    #     Time.parse("16:30", now)     #=> 2001-11-29 16:30:00 +0900
    #     Time.parse("7/23", now)      #=> 2001-07-23 00:00:00 +0900
    #     Time.parse("Aug 31", now)    #=> 2001-08-31 00:00:00 +0900
    #     Time.parse("Aug 2000", now)  #=> 2000-08-01 00:00:00 +0900
    #
    # Since there are numerous conflicts among locally defined time zone
    # abbreviations all over the world, this method is not intended to
    # understand all of them.  For example, the abbreviation "CST" is
    # used variously as:
    #
    #     -06:00 in America/Chicago,
    #     -05:00 in America/Havana,
    #     +08:00 in Asia/Harbin,
    #     +09:30 in Australia/Darwin,
    #     +10:30 in Australia/Adelaide,
    #     etc.
    #
    # Based on this fact, this method only understands the time zone
    # abbreviations described in RFC 822 and the system time zone, in the
    # order named. (i.e. a definition in RFC 822 overrides the system
    # time zone definition.)  The system time zone is taken from
    # <tt>Time.local(year, 1, 1).zone</tt> and
    # <tt>Time.local(year, 7, 1).zone</tt>.
    # If the extracted time zone abbreviation does not match any of them,
    # it is ignored and the given time is regarded as a local time.
    #
    # ArgumentError is raised if Date._parse cannot extract information from
    # +date+ or if the Time class cannot represent specified date.
    #
    # This method can be used as a fail-safe for other parsing methods as:
    #
    #   Time.rfc2822(date) rescue Time.parse(date)
    #   Time.httpdate(date) rescue Time.parse(date)
    #   Time.xmlschema(date) rescue Time.parse(date)
    #
    # A failure of Time.parse should be checked, though.
    #
    # You must require 'time' to use this method.
    #
    def parse(date, now=self.now)
      comp = !block_given?
      d = Date._parse(date, comp)
      if !d[:year] && !d[:mon] && !d[:mday] && !d[:hour] && !d[:min] && !d[:sec] && !d[:sec_fraction]
        raise ArgumentError, "no time information in #{date.inspect}"
      end
      year = d[:year]
      year = yield(year) if year && !comp
      make_time(year, d[:mon], d[:mday], d[:hour], d[:min], d[:sec], d[:sec_fraction], d[:zone], now)
    end

#
    # Parses +date+ using Date._strptime and converts it to a Time object.
    #
    # If a block is given, the year described in +date+ is converted by the
    # block.  For example:
    #
    #   Time.strptime(...) {|y| y < 100 ? (y >= 69 ? y + 1900 : y + 2000) : y}
    #
    # Below is a list of the formating options:
    #
    # %a :: The abbreviated weekday name ("Sun")
    # %A :: The  full  weekday  name ("Sunday")
    # %b :: The abbreviated month name ("Jan")
    # %B :: The  full  month  name ("January")
    # %c :: The preferred local date and time representation
    # %C :: Century (20 in 2009)
    # %d :: Day of the month (01..31)
    # %D :: Date (%m/%d/%y)
    # %e :: Day of the month, blank-padded ( 1..31)
    # %F :: Equivalent to %Y-%m-%d (the ISO 8601 date format)
    # %h :: Equivalent to %b
    # %H :: Hour of the day, 24-hour clock (00..23)
    # %I :: Hour of the day, 12-hour clock (01..12)
    # %j :: Day of the year (001..366)
    # %k :: hour, 24-hour clock, blank-padded ( 0..23)
    # %l :: hour, 12-hour clock, blank-padded ( 0..12)
    # %L :: Millisecond of the second (000..999)
    # %m :: Month of the year (01..12)
    # %M :: Minute of the hour (00..59)
    # %n :: Newline (\n)
    # %N :: Fractional seconds digits, default is 9 digits (nanosecond)
    #       %3N :: millisecond (3 digits)
    #       %6N :: microsecond (6 digits)
    #       %9N :: nanosecond (9 digits)
    # %p :: Meridian indicator ("AM" or "PM")
    # %P :: Meridian indicator ("am" or "pm")
    # %r :: time, 12-hour (same as %I:%M:%S %p)
    # %R :: time, 24-hour (%H:%M)
    # %s :: Number of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC.
    # %S :: Second of the minute (00..60)
    # %t :: Tab character (\t)
    # %T :: time, 24-hour (%H:%M:%S)
    # %u :: Day of the week as a decimal, Monday being 1. (1..7)
    # %U :: Week number of the current year, starting with the first Sunday as
    #       the first day of the first week (00..53)
    # %v :: VMS date (%e-%b-%Y)
    # %V :: Week number of year according to ISO 8601 (01..53)
    # %W :: Week  number  of the current year, starting with the first Monday
    #       as the first day of the first week (00..53)
    # %w :: Day of the week (Sunday is 0, 0..6)
    # %x :: Preferred representation for the date alone, no time
    # %X :: Preferred representation for the time alone, no date
    # %y :: Year without a century (00..99)
    # %Y :: Year with century
    # %z :: Time zone as  hour offset from UTC (e.g. +0900)
    # %Z :: Time zone name
    # %% :: Literal "%" character

def strptime(date, format, now=self.now)
      d = Date._strptime(date, format)
      raise ArgumentError, "invalid strptime format - `#{format}'" unless d
      if seconds = d[:seconds]
        if offset = d[:offset]
          Time.at(seconds).localtime(offset)
        else
          Time.at(seconds)
        end
      else
        year = d[:year]
        year = yield(year) if year && block_given?
        make_time(year, d[:mon], d[:mday], d[:hour], d[:min], d[:sec], d[:sec_fraction], d[:zone], now)
      end
    end

MonthValue = {
      'JAN' => 1, 'FEB' => 2, 'MAR' => 3, 'APR' => 4, 'MAY' => 5, 'JUN' => 6,
      'JUL' => 7, 'AUG' => 8, 'SEP' => 9, 'OCT' =>10, 'NOV' =>11, 'DEC' =>12
    }

#
    # Parses +date+ as date-time defined by RFC 2822 and converts it to a Time
    # object.  The format is identical to the date format defined by RFC 822 and
    # updated by RFC 1123.
    #
    # ArgumentError is raised if +date+ is not compliant with RFC 2822
    # or if the Time class cannot represent specified date.
    #
    # See #rfc2822 for more information on this format.
    #
    # You must require 'time' to use this method.
    #
    def rfc2822(date)
      if /\A\s*
          (?:(?:Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat|Sun)\s*,\s*)?
          (\d{1,2})\s+
          (Jan|Feb|Mar|Apr|May|Jun|Jul|Aug|Sep|Oct|Nov|Dec)\s+
          (\d{2,})\s+
          (\d{2})\s*
          :\s*(\d{2})\s*
          (?::\s*(\d{2}))?\s+
          ([+-]\d{4}|
           UT|GMT|EST|EDT|CST|CDT|MST|MDT|PST|PDT|[A-IK-Z])/ix =~ date
        # Since RFC 2822 permit comments, the regexp has no right anchor.
        day = $1.to_i
        mon = MonthValue[$2.upcase]
        year = $3.to_i
        hour = $4.to_i
        min = $5.to_i
        sec = $6 ? $6.to_i : 0
        zone = $7

# following year completion is compliant with RFC 2822.
        year = if year < 50
                 2000 + year
               elsif year < 1000
                 1900 + year
               else
                 year
               end

year, mon, day, hour, min, sec =
          apply_offset(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec, zone_offset(zone))
        t = self.utc(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec)
        t.localtime if !zone_utc?(zone)
        t
      else
        raise ArgumentError.new("not RFC 2822 compliant date: #{date.inspect}")
      end
    end
    alias rfc822 rfc2822

#
    # Parses +date+ as an HTTP-date defined by RFC 2616 and converts it to a
    # Time object.
    #
    # ArgumentError is raised if +date+ is not compliant with RFC 2616 or if
    # the Time class cannot represent specified date.
    #
    # See #httpdate for more information on this format.
    #
    # You must require 'time' to use this method.
    #
    def httpdate(date)
      if /\A\s*
          (?:Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat|Sun),\x20
          (\d{2})\x20
          (Jan|Feb|Mar|Apr|May|Jun|Jul|Aug|Sep|Oct|Nov|Dec)\x20
          (\d{4})\x20
          (\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2})\x20
          GMT
          \s*\z/ix =~ date
        self.rfc2822(date)
      elsif /\A\s*
             (?:Monday|Tuesday|Wednesday|Thursday|Friday|Saturday|Sunday),\x20
             (\d\d)-(Jan|Feb|Mar|Apr|May|Jun|Jul|Aug|Sep|Oct|Nov|Dec)-(\d\d)\x20
             (\d\d):(\d\d):(\d\d)\x20
             GMT
             \s*\z/ix =~ date
        year = $3.to_i
        if year < 50
          year += 2000
        else
          year += 1900
        end
        self.utc(year, $2, $1.to_i, $4.to_i, $5.to_i, $6.to_i)
      elsif /\A\s*
             (?:Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat|Sun)\x20
             (Jan|Feb|Mar|Apr|May|Jun|Jul|Aug|Sep|Oct|Nov|Dec)\x20
             (\d\d|\x20\d)\x20
             (\d\d):(\d\d):(\d\d)\x20
             (\d{4})
             \s*\z/ix =~ date
        self.utc($6.to_i, MonthValue[$1.upcase], $2.to_i,
                 $3.to_i, $4.to_i, $5.to_i)
      else
        raise ArgumentError.new("not RFC 2616 compliant date: #{date.inspect}")
      end
    end

#
    # Parses +date+ as a dateTime defined by the XML Schema and converts it to
    # a Time object.  The format is a restricted version of the format defined
    # by ISO 8601.
    #
    # ArgumentError is raised if +date+ is not compliant with the format or if
    # the Time class cannot represent specified date.
    #
    # See #xmlschema for more information on this format.
    #
    # You must require 'time' to use this method.
    #
    def xmlschema(date)
      if /\A\s*
          (-?\d+)-(\d\d)-(\d\d)
          T
          (\d\d):(\d\d):(\d\d)
          (\.\d+)?
          (Z|[+-]\d\d:\d\d)?
          \s*\z/ix =~ date
        year = $1.to_i
        mon = $2.to_i
        day = $3.to_i
        hour = $4.to_i
        min = $5.to_i
        sec = $6.to_i
        usec = 0
        if $7
          usec = Rational($7) * 1000000
        end
        if $8
          zone = $8
          year, mon, day, hour, min, sec =
            apply_offset(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec, zone_offset(zone))
          self.utc(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec, usec)
        else
          self.local(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec, usec)
        end
      else
        raise ArgumentError.new("invalid date: #{date.inspect}")
      end
    end
    alias iso8601 xmlschema
  end # class << self

#
  # Returns a string which represents the time as date-time defined by RFC 2822:
  #
  #   day-of-week, DD month-name CCYY hh:mm:ss zone
  #
  # where zone is [+-]hhmm.
  #
  # If +self+ is a UTC time, -0000 is used as zone.
  #
  # You must require 'time' to use this method.
  #
  def rfc2822
    sprintf('%s, %02d %s %0*d %02d:%02d:%02d ',
      RFC2822_DAY_NAME[wday],
      day, RFC2822_MONTH_NAME[mon-1], year < 0 ? 5 : 4, year,
      hour, min, sec) +
    if utc?
      '-0000'
    else
      off = utc_offset
      sign = off < 0 ? '-' : '+'
      sprintf('%s%02d%02d', sign, *(off.abs / 60).divmod(60))
    end
  end
  alias rfc822 rfc2822

RFC2822_DAY_NAME = [
    'Sun', 'Mon', 'Tue', 'Wed', 'Thu', 'Fri', 'Sat'
  ]
  RFC2822_MONTH_NAME = [
    'Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun',
    'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec'
  ]

#
  # Returns a string which represents the time as RFC 1123 date of HTTP-date
  # defined by RFC 2616:
  #
  #   day-of-week, DD month-name CCYY hh:mm:ss GMT
  #
  # Note that the result is always UTC (GMT).
  #
  # You must require 'time' to use this method.
  #
  def httpdate
    t = dup.utc
    sprintf('%s, %02d %s %0*d %02d:%02d:%02d GMT',
      RFC2822_DAY_NAME[t.wday],
      t.day, RFC2822_MONTH_NAME[t.mon-1], t.year < 0 ? 5 : 4, t.year,
      t.hour, t.min, t.sec)
  end

#
  # Returns a string which represents the time as a dateTime defined by XML
  # Schema:
  #
  #   CCYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ssTZD
  #   CCYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.sssTZD
  #
  # where TZD is Z or [+-]hh:mm.
  #
  # If self is a UTC time, Z is used as TZD.  [+-]hh:mm is used otherwise.
  #
  # +fractional_digits+ specifies a number of digits to use for fractional
  # seconds.  Its default value is 0.
  #
  # You must require 'time' to use this method.
  #
  def xmlschema(fraction_digits=0)
    fraction_digits = fraction_digits.to_i
    s = strftime("%FT%T")
    if fraction_digits > 0
      s << strftime(".%#{fraction_digits}N")
    end
    s << (utc? ? 'Z' : strftime("%:z"))
  end
  alias iso8601 xmlschema
end

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